Sedimentation from Particle-Bearing Plumes in a Stratified Ambient

B.R. Sutherland and Y.S. Hong

Phys. Rev. Fluids,

Laboratory experiments are performed to examine the sedimentation of particles that initially rise in a plume then spread radially and settle in uniformly stratified fluid. Using light attenuation, the depth of the sediment bed is measured non-intrusively as a function of radius from the plume. To gain some insight into these dynamics, an idealized model is developed adapting well-established plume theory and a theory that accounts for sedimentation from surface gravity currents emanating from a plume impacting a rigid lid. We also account for recycling of falling particles that are re-entrained into the plume. With a suitable choice of parameters determining the intrusion height, entrainment during fountain collapse and the radius at which settling from the intrusion begins, the theory agrees reasonably well with experiments in which particles are drawn back into the plume and recycled.