ENGL 615: John Lydgate

email: Stephen.Reimer@UAlberta.Ca

A. Reference Books

Christianson, C. Paul. A Directory of London Stationers and Book Artisans, 1300-1500. New York: Bibliographical Society of America, 1990.

Friedman, John B[lock], and Jessica M. Wegmann. Medieval Iconography: A Research Guide. Garland Medieval Bibliographies 20; Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1870. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1998. [A bibliographical guide to symbolic objects and animals in medieval art and literature, originating in such questions as "what would a medieval audience understand by Pandarus bringing a pillow to Criseyde's bedside?"]

Graves, Edgar B., ed. A Bibliography of English History to 1485. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975.

Greentree, Rosemary. The Middle English Lyric and Short Poem. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 2001. [An annotated bibliography of editions and critical works.]

Matthew, Donald. Atlas of Medieval Europe. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1983.

McEvedy, Colin. The Penguin Atlas of Medieval History. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1961.

McIntosh, Angus, et al. A Linguistic Atlas of Late Medieval English. 4 vols. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1986.

The Middle English Dictionary. Ed. Hans Kurath and Sherman M. Kuhn. 120 fasc. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1956-2001.

Platt, Colin. The Atlas of Medieval Man. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1979.

Preston, Michael J. A Concordance to the Middle English Shorter Poem. Compendia: Computer-Generated Aids to Literary and Linguisic Research. 2 vols. Leeds: W. S. Maney and Son, 1975.

Reid, Jane Davidson. The Oxford Guide to Classical Mythology in the Arts, 1300-1990s. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Renoir, Alain, and C. David Benson. "John Lydgate." Chap. 16 of A Manual of the Writings in Middle English, 1050-1500. Ed. Jonathan Burke Severs, Albert E. Hartung, and Peter G. Beidler. 11 vols. to date. New Haven: Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1967- [in progress]. 6: 1809-1920 (and bibliography: pp. 2071-2175). [While generally not unreliable, this bibliography is 15 years old, and it was not perfect even when it was new: see also A. S. G. Edwards, "Additions and Corrections to the Bibliography of John Lydgate," Notes and Queries ns 32 [230] (1985): 450-452.]

Stephen, Leslie, and Sidney Lee, eds. Dictionary of National Biography. 21 vols. London: Smith, Elder, and Co., 1908-1909. [Plus various supplements.]

Stratmann, Francis Henry. A Middle-English Dictionary. 2nd ed., revised by Henry Bradley. 1891; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Strayer, Joseph R., ed. Dictionary of the Middle Ages. 13 vols. New York: Scribner's, 1982-1989.

Szarmach, Paul E., and M. Teresa Tavormina, Joel T. Rosenthal, eds. Medieval England: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland Publishing, 1998.

Utley, Francis Lee. The Crooked Rib: An Analytical Index to the Argument about Women in English and Scots Literature to the End of the Year 1568. Columbus: The Ohio State University, 1944.

B. Historical Background

Asch, Ronald G., and Adolf M. Birke, eds. Princes, Patronage, and the Nobility: The Court at the Beginning of the Modern Age, c. 1450-1560. Studies of the German Historical Institute, London. Oxford: Oxford University Press, for the German Historical Institute, 1991.

Brady, Thomas A., Jr., Heiko A. Oberman, and James D. Tracy, eds. Handbook of European History 1400-1600: Late Middle Ages, Renaissance, and Reformation. 2 vols. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1994-1995.

Brown, A. L. The Governance of Late Medieval England, 1272-1461. The Governance of England 3. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1989.

Burns, J[ames] H[enderson]. Lordship, Kingship and Empire: The Idea of Monarchy, 1400-1525. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.

Chrimes, S. B., C. D. Ross, and R. A. Griffiths, ed. Fifteenth-Century England, 1399-1509: Studies in Politics and Society. Manchester: Manchester University Press; New York, Barnes and Noble Books, 1972.

Denton, Jeffrey Howard, ed. Orders and Hierarchies in Late Medieval and Renaissance Europe. Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1999.

DeVries, Kelly. Medieval Military Technology. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press, 1992.

Elton, G[eoffrey] R[udolph]. England, 1200-1640. Sources of History: Studies in the Uses of Historical Evidence. London: The Sources of History, in association with Hodder and Stoughton, 1969.

Evans, G[illian] R[osemary]. Getting it Wrong: The Medieval Epistemology of Error. Studien und Text zur Geistesgeschichte des Mittelalters 63. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1998. ["Getting it Wrong deals with the dark side of the medieval theory of knowledge, the ways in which perceptions can err, curiosity get out of hand, and knowledge damage the knower. The first and second parts explore the organs, powers and faculties of the soul and the ways in which teaching and learning occur. The third part of the book examines medieval ideas of 'common knowledge' and the ways in which individuals can share or fail to share the knowledge human beings ought to have. The fourth part considers wisdom and folly, security and incompleteness of knowledge, truth and lies." [Publisher's description]]

Goodich, Michael, ed. Other Middle Ages: Witnesses at the Margins of Medieval Society. The Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998. ["The fascinating cast of characters on the margins of medieval Europe, including the visionaries and sexual dissidents, the suicidal and psychologically unbalanced, the lepers and converts, reveal the fears of a people for whom life was made both meaningful and terrifying by the sacred. After centuries of historical silence, these and other disenfranchised members of the medieval public have been given a voice by Michael Goodich in a unique collection of texts from the mid-eleventh through the fourteenth centuries. Translated from their original Latin, Hebrew, and Arabic, these texts, many of them first-person narratives or testimonies, give insight into those figures who made medieval society uneasy" [Publisher's blurb].]

Goodman, Anthony. John of Gaunt. London: Longman, 1992.

Gransden, Antonia. Legends, Traditions and History in Medieval England. London: Hambledon, 1992.

Griffiths, Ralph A[lan], ed. Patronage: The Crown and the Provinces in Later Medieval England. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1981.

Griffiths, Ralph A[lan]. The Reign of King Henry VI: The Exercise of Royal Authority, 1422-1461. London: E. Benn, 1981.

Griffiths, Ralph A[lan], and James Sherborne, eds. Kings and Nobles in the Later Middle Ages: A Tribute to Charles Ross. Gloucester: Alan Sutton; New York: St. Martin's, 1986.

Hanawalt, Barbara, ed. Chaucer's England: Literature in Historical Context. Medieval Studies at Minnesota 4. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992.

Harriss, G[erald] L[eslie], ed. Henry V: The Practice of Kingship. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985.

Harvey, Ruth. The Culture of the Court in the Medieval World. Explorations in Medieval Culture and Society. London: Macmillan; Toronto: University of Toronto Press, [forthcoming].

Horrox, Rosemary. Centre and Localities in Medieval England, 12th-16th Century. Explorations in Medieval Culture and Society. London: Macmillan; Toronto: University of Toronto Press, [forthcoming].

Hudson, John. "Violence, Theft, and the Making of the English Common Law." In Crime and Punishment in the Middle Ages: Papers Presented at the Tenth Annual Medieval Workshop, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, 8 February 1997. Ed. Timothy S. Haskett. Victoria, BC: Humanities Centre, University of Victoria, 1998. Pp. 19-35. [Offers interesting observations on crime and punishment in the Middle Ages, on the use of ordeals, etc.; Hudson makes the point that incarceration was not common (seeking some form of resolution and restitution was the norm); indeed, for many types of crime the punishment was mutilation or execution, and in early periods it was sometimes the case that the public mutilation was carried out by the victim as a form of obtaining satisfaction (31).]

Hutchinson, Harold. Henry V: A Biography. New York: Day, 1967.

Jacob, E[rnest] F[raser]. The Fifteenth Century, 1399-1485. Oxford History of England 6. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961.

James, Montague Rhodes. On the Abbey of S. Edmund at Bury. Cambridge Antiquarian Society Publications, Octavo Publications 28. Cambridge: Cambridge Antiquarian Society, 1895.

Jussen, Bernhard, ed. Ordering Medieval Society: Perspectives on Intellectual and Practical Modes of Shaping Social Relations. Trans. Pamela E. Selwyn. The Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000.

Keen, M[aurice] H[ugh]. England in the Later Middle Ages: A Political History. London: Methuen, 1973.

Keen, M[aurice] H[ugh]. English Society in the Later Middle Ages, 1348-1500. The Penguin Social History of Britain. London: Allen Lane / Penguin Books, 1990.

Kerr, Margaret H. "R. v. Hawisa, R. v. Alan the Miller, and William Son of John v. Walter Son of Ralf Hose: Three Murder Trials in England c. 1200." In Crime and Punishment in the Middle Ages: Papers Presented at the Tenth Annual Medieval Workshop, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, 8 February 1997. Ed. Timothy S. Haskett. Victoria, BC: Humanities Centre, University of Victoria, 1998. Pp. 87-111. [She begins with a proviso: technically, these are homicide trials, not murder trials, since there was no law of "murder" (in the sense as distinguishing a premeditated act from an accidental one) in thirteenth-century England. Most of the essay is a description of various types of ordeal and the rituals and regulations surrounding them, leading to a somewhat paradoxical conclusion that there was a very real kind of justice available in the medieval system, and that "a person may have been safer while on trial for a crime than at most other times in his or her life" (111). The judicial ordeal and trial by combat were not common practices throughout the Middle Ages as is often thought, but had a relatively short lifespan, being a regular part of the English judicial system only in the late Anglo-Saxon and early Norman periods. Further, of the many cases which Kerr has studied, very few actually went so far as to complete the ordeal: some sort of resolution was found, or a pardon was issued, before the case ever got to the point of the ordeal. In many of the cases where ordeals were endured, we do not know the results, but for those cases where the results are known, there is a remarkable level (ca. 75%) of people acquitted by the ordeal: was God intervening to protect the innocent? or are the results skewed by some more human agency? Kerr's argument is that the priests (who administered the ordeals, to seek out the judgment of God upon the accused) "rigged" the ordeals in the favour of the accused (allowing hot irons to cool before being touched etc.), primarily in order to save people from execution: like the church-sanctioned practice of sanctuary, or the church's "benefit of clergy," the priests were attempting to avoid being involved in execution (100). From the point of view of the church, the proper response to a criminal act involved confession, restitution and penance, leading to absolution and reconciliation, not execution (106). And, in 1215 (at the Fourth Lateran Council), the Church outlawed the use of judicial ordeals, insisting that cases should be tried on the evidence, not by "tempting" God: all of the ordeals except trial by combat ceased in England almost immediately thereafter; trial by combat survived the proscription (in part because it was not administered by priests but by secular authorities, and because it was consonant with aristocratic ideals), and continued to be an option in English law down to 1819 (109) (though Kerr also notes that the judicial battle was not with real weapons and not to the death; it was conducted with wooden sticks and leather shields [110]). Again, of the various relevant cases which Kerr has studied (some 1,832), only two actually got to the point where the battle was fought: in most cases, some other resolution of the dispute was found early, or the accusers dropped their accusations when faced with the necessity of "proving" the charge in battle, or, failing which, he faced being himself mutilated or executed (110-111).]

Koldeweij, Jos. "The Wearing of Significative Badges, Religious and Secular: The Social Meaning of a Behavioural Pattern." Trans. Ruth Koenig. In Showing Status: Representation of Social Positions in the Middle Ages. Ed. Wim [Willem Pieter] Blockmans, and Antheun Janse. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe 2. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1999. Pp. 307-328. [Besides using jewellery as ornamentation to display one's prosperity, medieval people in many walks of life also wore "badges," religious or secular, to display one's membership in various forms of elite groups (including membership in the household of a royal or noble family, or membership among those who had visited a particular pilgrimage site). Koldeweij's article is intended to illustrate that there are also a great many surviving badges with literary and erotic motifs, which may have been sold at the end of public performances. [Chaucer's pilgrims include various "badge" wearers, most prominently the Pardoner with his Vernicle, but there are others, and the Prioress's "Amor vincit omnia" brooch might be a badge of a sort, too (Koldeweij describes and illustrates a whole range of badges in the shapes of alphabetic letters, some of which represent "Amours," and some of which may have been purchased at the ends of public dramatic performances or readings of romances [311-316]).]]

Mathew, Gervase. The Court of Richard II. London: John Murray, 1968.

McFarlane, K. B. England in the Fifteenth Century: Collected Essays. History Series 5. London: Hambledon Press, 1981.

McKenna, John W. "Henry VI of England and the Dual Monarchy: Aspects of Royal Political Propaganda, 1422-32." Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 28 (1965): 145-162.

McKisak, May. The Fourteenth Century, 1307-1399. Oxford History of England 5. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1959.

Myers, A. R. England in the Late Middle Ages. 8th ed. Pelican History of England 4. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1971.

Ormrod, W. M. The Reign of Edward III. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990.

Perroy, Edouard. The Hundred Years War. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1962.

Rackham, Oliver. Trees and Woodland in the British Landscape: The Complete History of Britains's Trees, Woods, and Hedgerows. London: Dent, 1993.

Razi, Zvi. Life, Marriage, and Death in a Medieval Parish: Economy, Society, and Demography in Halesowen, 1270-1400. Past and Present. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980. [A case study of social patterns in a specific medieval village.]

Reynolds, Susan. Fiefs and Vassals: The Medieval Evidence Reinterpreted. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Rigby, S. H. English Society in the Later Middle Ages: Class, Status and Gender. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. [A good, well-researched and well-balanced consideration of the crucial questions; Chap. 7 on women's roles is excellent in detailing precisely what women could and could not do at the various levels of the social hierarchy (generally, there were few things which men of a certain class could do which women could not, except that women of every class were not permitted to act independently in matters of politics). Does not, like too many others, make the error of trying to consider issues of gender independently of issues of social class and status.]

Riley-Smith, Jonathan. The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading. The Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986.

Rodes, R. E. Ecclesiastical Administration in Medieval England. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1977.

Roskell, J. S. "Thomas Chaucer of Ewelme." In Parliaments and Politics in Late Medieval England. London: Hambledon, 1983. Pp. 151-192.

Ross, Charles, ed. Patronage, Pedigree, and Power in Later Medieval England. Ed. Charles Ross. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1979.

Seward, Desmond. Henry V as Warlord. London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1987.

Seward, Desmond. The Hundred Years War: The English in France, 1337-1453. New York: Atheneum, 1978.

Storey, R. I. The End of the House of Lancaster. New York: Stein and Day, 1967.

Sumption, Jonathan. The Hundred Years War. 2 vols. The Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.

Taylor, John, and Wendy Childs, eds. Politics and Crisis in Fourteenth-Century England. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1990.

Thornton, Tim, ed. Social Attitudes and Political Structures in the Fifteenth Century. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing, 2000.

Van Uytven, Raymond. "Showing Off One's Rank in the Middle Ages." In Showing Status: Representation of Social Positions in the Middle Ages. Ed. Wim [Willem Pieter] Blockmans, and Antheun Janse. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe 2. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1999. Pp. 19-34. [On the "semiotic systems" of using clothing and food to display social status in medieval cultures.]

Vickers, K[enneth] H[otham]. Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester: A Biography. London: Archibald Constable and Co., 1907.

Waugh, Scott L. England in the Reign of Edward III. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Williams, Daniel, ed. England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1986 Harlaxton Symposium. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1987.

B.ii. Vernacular Architecture / Domestic Space

Barley, Maurice [Willmore]. Houses and History. London: Faber and Faber, 1986. [HSS NA 7328 B26 1986. A history of houses in England to ca. 1900, including medieval castles, hall houses, etc. Chap. 8: "Peasant Houses in the Middle Ages."]

Barnwell, P. S., and A. T. Adams. The House Within: Interpreting Medieval Houses of Kent. London: HMSO, for the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England, 1994.

Brody, Saul N. "Making a Play for Criseyde: The Staging of Pandarus's House in Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde." Speculum 73 (1998): 115-140. [Brody reconsiders some of the issues about the domestic setting of Troilus of Criseyde, especially Pandarus's house, which were raised in Smyser, "The Domestic Background to Troilus and Criseyde"; Brody fills out some of the hints about the architectural nature of Pandarus's house (which he sees as being of an "upper hall" type), Troilus's entry to the bedroom from the "stew," etc., and argues for a kind of dramatic scene setting in Chaucer's text (with the trap door in the floor reminiscent of mystery play sets in which demons appear rising from hell).]

Brown, Peter. "The Containment of Symkyn: The Function of Space in the Reeve's Tale." Chaucer Review 14 (1979-1980): 225-236.

Brunskill, R. W. Vernacular Architecture: An Illustrated Handbook. 4th ed. London: Faber and Faber, 2000. [HSS NA 7328 B89 2000. Previous editions published under the title Illustrated Handbook of Vernacular Architecture (1987). An encyclopedic guide to the basic types of houses in English history.]

Chapelot, Jean, and Robert Fossier. The Village and the House in the Middle Ages. Trans. Henry Cleere. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985. [Trans. of Le village et la maison au moyen âge (Paris: Hachette, 1980).]

Grenville, Jane. Medieval Housing. The Archaeology of Medieval Britain. London and Washington: Leicester University Press, 1997.

Hanawalt, Barbara A. "Medieval English Women in Rural and Urban Domestic Space." Dumbarton Oaks Papers 52 (1998): 19-26.

Johnson, Matthew. Housing Culture: Traditional Architecture in an English Landscape. London: UCL Press; Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. [Includes a discussion of the structure and layout of medieval houses and fields (including social uses of interior space).]

Kingsford, C[harles] L[ethbridge]. "Historical Notes on Mediaeval London Houses." London Topographical Record 10 (1916): 44-144; 11 (1917): 28-81; 12 (1920): 1-66.

McKinney, Carole Lynn. "Women's Domestic Space in Selected Works of Medieval Literature." M.A. thesis, North Carolina State University, 1999.

Pearson, Sarah. The Medieval Houses of Kent: An Historical Analysis. London: HMSO, for the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England, 1994.

Pearson, Sarah, P. S. Barnwell, and A. T. Adams. A Gazetteer of Medieval Houses of Kent. London: HMSO, for the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England, 1994.

Samson, Ross, ed. The Social Archaeology of Houses. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1990.

Schofield, John. Medieval London Houses. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, 1994.

Schofield, John. "Social Perception of Space in Medieval and Tudor London Houses." In Meaningful Architecture: Social Interpretations of Buildings. Ed. Martin Locock. Worldwide Archaeology Series 9. Aldershot, Hampshire, and Brookfield, VT: Avebury, 1994. Pp. 188-206.

Smith, J. T., P[atrick] A[rthur] Faulkner, and Anthony Emery. Studies in Medieval Domestic Architecture. Ed. M. J. Swanton. Royal Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland: Monographs. London: Royal Archaeological Institute, 1975. [HSS NA 7328 S65 1975. Contents: "Timber-Framed Building in England," by J. T. Smith (1-26 and Pls. I-VIII); "Medieval Aisled Halls and Their Derivatives," by J. T. Smith (27-44 and Pls. IX-X); "Medieval Roofs: A Classification," by J. T. Smith (45-83 and Pls. XI-XVI); "Domestic Planning from the Twelfth to the Fourteenth Centuries," by P. A. Faulkner (84-117); "Medieval Undercrofts and Town Houses," by P. A. Faulkner (118-133); "Dartington Hall, Devonshire," by Anthony Emery (134-152 and Pls. XVII-XX).]

Smith, Peter. Houses of the Welsh Countryside: A Study in Historical Geography. Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments in Wales. London: HMSO, 1975. [HSS NA 7340 S55 1975. A thorough catalogue of house styles from the Middle Ages and modern periods; wonderfully illustrated with photographs, floor plans, and "cutaway" drawings (allowing a view of the interior and exterior in a single drawing).]

Smyser, H. M. "The Domestic Background of Troilus and Criseyde." Speculum 31 (1956): 297-315. [An attempt to imagine the houses of Troilus and Criseyde, especially Criseyde's house, as an aid to better understanding the poem.]

Sykes, Christopher. Ancient English Houses, 1240-1612. London: Chatto and Windus, 1990.

Thompson, Michael [Welman]. The Medieval Hall: The Basis of Secular Domestic Life, 600-1600 AD. Aldershot: Scolar Press; Brookfield, VT: Ashgate, 1995. [HSS GT 3520 T56 1995. History of the Great Hall in medieval Britain and Europe. "This is the first general account of the history of the great hall in Britain and continental Europe from Anglo-Saxon times to the late middle ages. Using a wide range of literary and archaeological sources in combination with close examination of standing halls and remains, Michael Thompson describes and interprets the development of one of the dominant architectural features of medieval life. He also examines the social functions of the hall--the 'hall-culture,' a way of life turning on the great room at the social and physical centre of secular and religious communities. This broad, well-illustrated and ambitious review will be of great interest to architectural historians, of course, but its social-cultural approach makes it equally valuable to students of medieval history and literature. It informs and is informed by studies of literary sources as diverse as Beowulf and Gawain, monastic rules and Arthurian poetry" (publisher's ad). Contents: Introduction; "Halls before the Norman Conquest"; "France and Germany"; "The Monastic Refectory"; "The Hall in the Castle"; "The Triumph of the Native Style"; "The Downward Spread"; "The Hall in the Later Middle Ages"; "The Decline of the Hall"; Conclusion.]

Wood, Margaret. The English Mediaeval House. London: Phoenix House, 1965.

Woods, William F. "Private and Public Space in the Miller's Tale." Chaucer Review 29 (1994-1995): 166-178.

B.iii. Historical Background: The Abbey of Bury St. Edmund's

Arnold, E. Thomas, ed. Memorials of St. Edmund's Abbey. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores ("Rolls Series") 96. 3 vols. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, for HMSO, 1890-1896.

Butler, Lionel [Harry], and Chris Given-Wilson. Medieval Monasteries of Great Britain. London: Michael Joseph, 1979.

Cox, J. C. "The Abbey of Bury St. Edmunds." In The Victoria History of the County of Suffolk. Ed. William Page. 2 vols. London: Archibald Constable and Co., 1907-1911. 2: 56-72, and Plate 1 (facing p. 72).

Douglas, D. C., ed. Feudal Documents from the Abbey of Bury St. Edmunds. Records of the Social and Economic History of England and Wales 8. London: Oxford University Press, 1932.

Dugdale, William (Sir). Monasticon Anglicanum; a History of the Abbies and Other Monasteries, Hospitals, Frieries, and Cathedral and Collegiate Churches . . . in England and Wales; Also of Such Scotch, Irish, and French Monasteries As Were in Any Manner Connected with Religious Houses in England; . . . A New Edition, Enriched with a Large Accession of Materials Now First Printed . . . the History of Each Religious Foundation in English Being Prefixed to Its Respective Series of Latin Charters. By John Caley . . . Henry Ellis, . . . and Rev. Bulkeley Bandinel. 6 vols. in 8. London: Longman, 1817-1830. [Spec coll BX 2592.D86 folio. See 3: 98-176 on Bury St. Edmunds.]

Galbraith, V. H. "The East Anglian See and the Abbey of Bury St. Edmunds." English Historical Review 40 (1925): 222-228.

Gottfried, R. S. Bury St. Edmunds and the Urban Crisis, 1290-1539. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.

James, Montague Rhodes. "Bury St. Edmunds Manuscripts." English Historical Review 41 (1926): 251-260. [A list of extant MSS known to have been part of the library of the Abbey of St. Edmund; an updating of lists in his essay on the Bury Library in On the Abbey of S. Edmund at Bury.]

James, Montague Rhodes. On the Abbey of S. Edmund at Bury. Cambridge Antiquarian Society Publications, Octavo Publications 28. Cambridge: Cambridge Antiquarian Society, 1895. [Two essays: 1. "Bibliotheca Buriensis" (pp. 1-114), "On the Abbey Church of S. Edmund at Bury" (pp. 115-212).]

Jocelin of Brakelond. Chonicle of the Abbey of Bury St Edmunds. Trans. Diana Greenway and Jane Sayers. The World's Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

Lobel, M[ary] D[oreen]. The Borough of Bury St. Edmund's: A Study in the Government and Development of a Monastic Town. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1935.

Matten, J. M. The Cult of St. Edmund. Thurston: Drecroft, 1984.

Seymour, John. The Companion Guide to East Anglia. London: Collins, 1970.

Sharpe, R., J. P. Carley, R. M. Thomson, and A. G. Watson, eds. English Benedictine Libraries: The Shorter Catalogues. The Corpus of British Medieval Library Catalogues 4. London: British Library, in association with the British Academy, 1996. [Includes catalogues from the library at Bury St. Edmunds (catalogues B12-B16).]

Thomson, Rodney M., ed. The Archives of the Abbey of Bury St Edmunds. Suffolk Records Society 21. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, for the Suffolk Records Society, 1980.

Thomson, Rodney M. "The Library of Bury St Edmunds in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries." Speculum 47 (1972): 617-645.

Whittingham, A. B. "Bury St. Edmunds Abbey: The Plan, Design and Development of the Church and Monastic Buildings." Archaeological Journal 108 (1951): 168-187 and Plates XIX-XX.

Yates, Richard. History and Antiquities of the Abbey of St. Edmund's Bury, . . . with Views of the Most Considerable Monasterial Remains. Illus. William Yates. 2nd ed. London: J. B. Nichols and Son, 1843.

C. Bibliographical Background (The History of the Book)

Backhouse, Janet. The Illuminated Manuscript. Oxford: Phaidon, 1979.

Bodleian Library, Oxford. Duke Humphrey's Library and the Divinity School, 1488-1988: An Exhibition at the Bodleian Library, June-August, 1988. Oxford: Bodleian Library, 1988.

Boffey, Julia. Manuscripts of English Courtly Love Lyrics in the Later Middle Ages. Manuscript Studies 1. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D. S. Brewer, 1985.

Bühler, Curt F. The Fifteenth-Century Book: The Scribes, the Printers, the Decorators. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1960.

Classen, Albrecht, ed. The Book and the Magic of Reading in the Middle Ages. Medieval Casebooks. London and New York: Routledge, 1999.

Coleman, Joyce. Public Reading and the Reading Public in Late Medieval England and France. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 26. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Dagenais, John. The Ethics of Reading in Manuscript Culture: Glossing the Libro de buen amor. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994. ["Reexamining the roles played by author, reader, scribe, and text in medieval literary practice, John Dagenais argues that the entire physical manuscript must be the basis of any discussion of how meaning was made. Medievalists, he maintains, have relied too heavily on critical editions that seek to create a single, definitive text reflecting an author's intentions. In reality, manuscripts bear not only authorial texts but also a variety of elements added by scribes and readers. Using the surviving manuscripts of the fourteenth-century Libro de buen amor, Dagenais shows how consideration of the physical manuscripts and their cultural context can shed new light on interpretive issues that have puzzled modern readers." (Publisher's blurb)]

De Hamel, Christopher. A History of Illuminated Manuscripts. Oxford: Phaidon; Boston: David Godine, 1986.

De Hamel, Christopher. Scribes and Illuminators. Medieval Craftsmen. London: The British Museum, 1992.

De la Mare, A. C. "Manuscripts Given to the University of Oxford by Humfrey, Duke of Gloucester." Bodleian Library Record 13.2 (April 1989): 112-121.

Doyle, A. I. "Book Production by the Monastic Orders in England (c. 1375-1530): Assessing the Evidence." In Medieval Book Production: Assessing the Evidence; Proceedings of the Second Conference of The Seminar in the History of the Book to 1500, Oxford, July 1988. Ed. Linda L. Brownrigg. Los Altos Hills, CA: Red Gull Press / Anderson-Lovelace, 1990. Pp. 1-19.

Doyle, A. I. "English Books In and Out of Court from Edward III to Henry VII." In English Court Culture in the Later Middle Ages. Ed. V. J. Scattergood and J. W. Sherborne. New York: St. Martin's, 1983. Pp. 163-181.

Edwards, A. S. G. "Lydgate Manuscripts: Some Directions for Future Research." In Manuscripts and Readers in Fifteenth-Century England: The Literary Implications of Manuscript Study (Essays from the 1981 Conference at the University of York). Ed. Derek Pearsall. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer; Totowa, NJ: Biblio, 1983. Pp. 15-26.

Goff, Frederick R. "Characteristics of the Book of the Fifteenth Century." In Buch und Text im 15. Jahrhundert / Book and Text in the Fifteenth Century. Ed. Lotte Hellinga and Helmar Hartel. Arbeitsgesprach in der Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbuttel vom 1. bis 3. Marz 1978 / Proceedings of a Conference Held in Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbuttel Mar. 1-3, 1978. Hamburg: Hauswedell, 1981. Pp. 27-34.

Griffiths, Jeremy, and Derek Pearsall, eds. Book Production and Publishing in Britain 1375-1475. Cambridge Studies in Publishing and Printing History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Holzknecht, Karl Julius. Literary Patronage in the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: Collegiate Press, 1923.

[Hunt, R. W., and A. C. de la Mare]. Duke Humfrey and English Humanism in the Fifteenth Century: Catalogue of an Exhibition held in the Bodleian Library. Oxford: Bodleian Library, 1970.

Krochalis, Jeanne E. "The Books and Reading of Henry V and his Circle." Chaucer Review 23 (1988-1989): 50-77.

Lester, G. A. "The Books of a Fifteenth-Century English Gentleman: Sir John Paston." Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 88 (1987): 200-217.

Lucas, P. J. "The Growth and Development of English Literary Patronage in the Later Middle Ages and Early Renaissance." The Library 6th ser. 4 (1982): 219-248.

Michael, M. A. "English Illuminators c.1190-1450: A Survey from Documentary Sources." English Manuscript Studies 1100-1700 4 (1993): 62-113.

Morse, Charlotte Cook, Penelope Reed Doob, and Marjorie Curry Woods, eds. The Uses of Manuscripts in Literary Studies: Essays in Memory of Judson Boyce Allen. Studies in Medieval Culture 31. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 1992.

Rogers, Nicholas J. "Fitzwilliam Museum MS 3-1979: A Bury St. Edmunds Book of Hours and the Origins of the Bury Style." In England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1986 Harlaxton Symposium. Ed. Daniel Williams. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1987. Pp. 229-243 and plates 1-14.

Scott, Kathleen L. Later Gothic Manuscripts, 1390-1490. 2 vols. A Survey of Manuscripts Illuminated in the British Isles 6. London: Harvey Miller Publishers, 1996.

Stratford, Jenny. "The Royal Library in England before the Reign of Edward IV." In England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1992 Harlaxton Symposium. Ed. Nicholas Rogers. Harlaxton Medieval Studies 4; Paul Watkins Medieval Studies 16. Stamford, Lincolnshire: Paul Watkins, 1994. Pp. 187-197.

Thompson, John J. "Popular Reading Tastes in Middle English Religious and Didactic Literature." In From Medieval to Medievalism. Ed. John Simons. Insights. London: Macmillan, 1992. Pp. 82-100.

C.ii. Women and their Books in the Middle Ages

Bartlett, Anne Clark. Male Authors, Female Readers: Representation and Subjectivity in Middle English Devotional Literature. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995.

Chance, Jane, ed. Gender and Text in the Later Middle Ages. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1996.

Collis, Louise. Memoirs of a Medieval Woman: The Life and Times of Margery Kempe. New York: Harper and Row, 1983.

Crawford, Anne, ed. Letters of the Queens of England, 1100-1547. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Alan Sutton, 1994.

Jambeck, Karen K. "Patterns of Women's Literary Patronage: England, 1200-ca. 1475." In The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Ed. June Hall McCash. Athens, GA, and London: University of Georgia Press, 1996. Pp. 228-265.

Larrington, Carolyne. Women and Writing in Medieval Europe. London: Routledge, 1995.

McCash, June Hall, ed. The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1996.

Meale, Carol M. "'. . . Alle the bokes that I haue of latyn, englisch, and frensch': Laywomen and their Books in Late Medieval England." In Women and Literature in Britain, 1150-1500. Ed. Carol M. Meale. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 17. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Pp. 128-158.

Meale, Carol M. "Reading Women's Culture in Fifteenth-Century England: The Case of Alice Chaucer." In Mediaevalitas: Reading the Middle Ages; The J. A. W. Bennett Memorial Lectures, Ninth Series, Perugia, 1995. Ed. Piero Boitani and Anna Torti. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer / Boydell and Brewer, 1996. Pp. 81-101 and 8 plates (between pp. 102-103).

Meale, Carol M. Women and Literature in Britain, 1150-1500. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 17. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Tarvers, Josephine Koster. "'Thys ys mystrys boke': English Women as Readers and Writers in Late Medieval England." In The Uses of Manuscripts in Literary Studies: Essays in Memory of Judson Boyce Allen. Ed. Charlotte Cook Morse, Penelope Reed Doob, and Marjorie Curry Woods. Studies in Medieval Culture 31. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 1992. Pp. 305-327.

D. Ideological Background

Artz, Frederick B. The Mind of the Middle Ages, A.D. 200-1500: An Historical Survey. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958.

Bartlett, Robert. Trial by Fire and Water: The Medieval Judicial Ordeal. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.

Bates, Catherine. The Rhetoric of Courtship in Elizabethan Language and Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. ["The Rhetoric of Courtship is about the literature of the Elizabethan period with a particular focus on the literature of the court. It considers how a group of writers and courtiers (Gascoigne, Lyly, Sidney, Leicester, Essex and Spenser) related to the Queen within a system of patronage, and how they portrayed these relationships in the fictional courtships of their poetry and prose."]

Benson, Larry D. "Chaucer and Courtly Speech." In Genres, Themes, and Images in English Literature from the Fourteenth to the Fifteenth Century: The J. A. W. Bennett Memorial Lectures, Perugia, 1986. Ed. Piero Boitani and Anna Torti. Tübinger Beiträge zur Anglistik 11. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1988. Pp. 11-30.

Bernheimer, Richard. Wild Men in the Middle Ages: A Study in Art, Sentiment, and Demonology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1952.

Binfield, Clyde, ed. Sainthood Revisioned: Studies in Hagiography and Biography. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995.

Binski, Paul. Medieval Death: Ritual and Representation. London: British Museum Press, 1996.

Biow, Douglas. Mirabile dictu: Representations of the Marvelous in Medieval and Renaissance Epic. Stylus: Studies in Medieval Culture. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996.

Black, Maggie. Food and Cooking in Medieval Britain: History and Recipes. London: English Heritage, 1999.

Blair, John, and Nigel Ramsay, eds. English Medieval Industries: Craftsmen, Techniques, Products. London: Hambledon, 1991.

Bloch, Marc. The Royal Touch: Sacred Monarchy and Scrofula in France and England. Trans. J. E. Anderson. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973.

Bloomfield, Morton W. The Seven Deadly Sins: An Introduction to the History of a Religious Concept, with Special Reference to Medieval English Literature. East Lansing: Michigan State College Press, 1952.

Bloomfield, Morton W., and Charles W. Dunn. The Role of the Poet in Early Societies. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1990.

Boase, T. S. R. Death in the Middle Ages: Mortality, Judgment and Remembrance. Library of Medieval Civilization. London: Thames and Hudson, 1972.

Bornstein, Diane. Mirrors of Courtesy. Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1975. [On the nature of medieval "courtesy," breeding and manners, as taught in various handbooks.]

Borst, Arno. Medieval Worlds: Barbarians, Heretics, and Artists in the Middle Ages. Trans. Eric Hansen. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Bourke, Vernon J. Will in Western Thought: An Historico-Critical Survey. New York: Sheed and Ward, 1964.

Brown, Peter. The Cult of the Saints, its Rise and Function in Latin Christianity. The Haskell Lectures on the History of Religions ns 2. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.

Bullock-Davies, Constance. Menestrellorum Multitudo: Minstrels at a Royal Feast. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1978.

Bumke, Joachim. The Concept of Knighthood in the Middle Ages. Trans. W. T. H. Jackson and Erika Jackson. New York: AMS Press, 1982.

Burrow, J. A. The Ages of Man: A Study in Medieval Writing and Thought. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.

Bynum, Caroline Walker. Jesus as Mother: Studies in the Spirituality of the High Middle Ages. Publications of the Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, UCLA, 16. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1982.

Bynum, Caroline Walker, and Paul Freedman, eds. Last Things: Death and the Apocalypse in the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.

Camille, Michael. Image on the Edge: The Margins of Medieval Art. Essays in Art and Culture. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992. [Literally on the margins of books or on the corners of cathedrals, one finds gargoyles and monsters: "it is here at the edge that medieval artists found room for experimentation, for questioning cultural authority without ever undermining it."]

Canfield, J. Douglas. Word as Bond in English Literature from the Middle Ages to the Restoration. The Middle Ages. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1989.

Carey, Hilary M. Courting Disaster: Astrology at the English Court and University in the Later Middle Ages. London: Macmillan, 1992.

Carruthers, Mary J. The Book of Memory: A Study of Memory in Medieval Culture. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 10. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Chadwick, Henry. The Early Church. The Pelican History of the Church 1. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1967.

Chickering, Howell, and Thomas H. Seiler, eds. The Study of Chivalry: Resources and Approaches. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, for the Consortium for the Teaching of the Middle Ages, 1988.

Clough, Cecil, ed. Profession, Vocation and Culture in Later Medieval England. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1982.

Cobban, Alan B. Medieval Universities: Their Development and Organization. London: Methuen, 1975.

Coleman, Janet. Ancient and Medieval Memories: Studies in the Reconstruction of the Past. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Colish, M. L. The Mirror of Language: A Study of the Medieval Theory of Knowledge. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1968.

Cook, William R., and Ronald B. Herzman. The Medieval World View: An Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.

Coss, Peter. The Knight in Medieval England. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1993.

Cummins, John. The Hound and the Hawk: The Art of Medieval Hunting. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1988.

Curry, Walter C. Chaucer and the Mediaeval Sciences. 2nd ed. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1960.

Curry, Walter C. The Middle English Ideal of Personal Beauty as Found in the Metrical Romances, Chronicles, and Legends of the XIII, XIV and XV Centuries. Baltimore: J. H. Furst, 1916.

Davies, Horton, and Marie-Hélène Davies. Holy Days and Holidays: The Medieval Pilgrimage to Compostela. London: Associated University Presses, 1982.

Dietler, Michael, and Brian Hayden. Feasts: Archaeological and Ethnographic Perspectives on Food, Politics, and Power. Smithsonian Series in Archaeological Inquiry. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001.

Duby, Georges. The Chivalrous Society. Trans. Cynthia Postan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.

Duby, Georges. The Three Orders: Feudal Society Imagined. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Eade, John, and Michael J. Sallnow. Contesting the Sacred: The Anthropology of Christian Pilgrimage. London: Routledge, 1991.

Eliade, Mircea. The Quest: History of Meaning in Religion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969.

Emerson, Jan Swango, and Hugh Feiss, eds. Imagining Heaven in the Middle Ages: A Book of Essays. Afterword by Jeffrey Burton Russell. Garland Medieval Casebooks 27; Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 2096. New York: Garland Publishing, 2000. [On the Christian Otherworld (including issues of heavenly corporality, sexuality, etc.) as presented in Dante's Divine Comedy, "The Vision of Tundale," Bernard of Cluny's De contemptu mundi, the Victorines, Thomas Aquinas, and others.]

Felsenstein, Frank. "Jews and Devils: Anti-Semitic Stereotypes of Late Medieval and Renaissance England." Literature and Theology 4 (1990): 15-28.

Ferguson, Arthur B. The Indian Summer of English Chivalry: Studies in the Decline and Transformation of Chivalric Idealism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1960.

Furnivall, Frederick J[ames], ed. Early English Meals and Manners: John Russell's Boke of Nurture, Wynkyn de Worde's Boke of Keruynge, The Boke of Curtasye, R. Weste's Booke of Demeanor, Seager's Schoole of Vertue, The Babees Book, Aristotle's A B C, Urbanitatis, Stans puer ad mensam, The Lytille Childrenes Lytil Boke, For to Serve a Lord, Old Symon, The Birched School-Boy, &c. &c., with some Forewords on Education in Early England Early English Text Society OS 32. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., for the Early English Text Society, 1904. [An anthology of works for the instruction of children in "courtesy," breeding and manners.]

Geary, Patrick. Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978.

Getz, Faye Marie. Medicine in the English Middle Ages. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998.

Gies, Frances. The Knight in History. New York: Harper and Row, 1984.

Gillmor, Carroll. "Practical Chivalry: The Training of Horses for Tournaments and Warfare." Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History ns 13 (1992): 5-29.

Gottfried, Robert S. Doctors and Medicine in Medieval England, 1340-1530. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Grant, Edward. Planets, Stars, and Orbs: The Medieval Cosmos, 1200-1687. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Greene, J. Patrick. Medieval Monasteries. The Archaeology of Medieval Britain. Leicester, London, and New York: Leicester University Press, 1992.

Gregg, Joan Young. Devils, Women, and Jews: Reflections on the Other in Medieval Sermon Stories. Albany: State University of New York, 1997.

Gurevich, Aron. Medieval Popular Culture: Problems of Belief and Perception. Trans. János M. Bak and Paul A. Hollingsworth. Cambridge Studies in Oral and Literate Culture 14. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Paris: Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, 1988. [On "popular" religion and "folk" culture; reconstructing the "beliefs" of medieval commoners. Includes an excellent chapter on the cults of saints and beliefs in miracles: "Peasants and Saints" (Chap. 2; pp. 39-77).]

Hadley, D[awn] M. Death in Medieval England: An Archaeology. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Tempus, 2001.

Hammond, P. W. Food and Feast in Medieval England. London: Alan Sutton, 1993. ["Based on archaeological and written evidence, this book deals with everything we know about Medieval food, from hunting and harvesting to food hygiene and the organization of a large household kitchen. Evaluates the nutritional value of Medieval Food, the customs associated with its serving and eating, and the organization of feasts."]

Haren, Michael. Medieval Thought: The Western Intellectual Tradition from Antiquity to the Thirteenth Century. 2nd ed. London: Macmillan, 1993.

Harrison, Dick. Medieval Space: The Extent of Microspatial Knowledge in Western Europe During the Middle Ages. Lund Studies in International History 34. Lund: Lund University Press, 1996. [Challenges Marc Bloch and others who assert that medieval people rarely left their own villages: uses data from Somerset and from locations in Sweden to show that "non-permanent mobility" was quite common (just as other studies have shown that "permanent migrations" were common among the lower classes), that marriage partners often came from quite distant places, and the "microspatial knowledge" of a medieval peasant--the extent of the world around him which he knew with some familiarity--was probably as much as 60 miles or more. "[T]he typical Western European of the high Middle Ages was not an isolated village-dweller" (abstract on verso of title page). While the bulk of the book is taken up with presenting and discussing empirical data from three regions, the introduction and conclusion are more broadly theoretical, introducing ideas of "macrospace" and "microspace" (the latter is the world one actually knows; the former is the mental construct of the rest of the world: a portolan map or the chart of Canterbury Cathedral and it precincts is "microspatial," while a mappemundi is "macrospatial," having more to do with myth and received wisdom than with observation). Harrison has some discussion in his introduction of maps in these terms, as well as of pilgrimage and pilgrimage guidebooks (and the strata of local, regional, and international cults of saints: few saints had more than local significance), and Mandeville's Travels; he discusses the fact that Viking travels to Greenland and North America, and real journeys to China, had no large-scale significance in changing the received ideas about the world. (He also notes that Chinese accounts of contacts with Europeans, and oriental knowledge of the occident, was as sketchy and misinformed as European ideas about the east.)]

Hartley, Dorothy. Mediaeval Costume and Life. London: Batsford, 1931.

Harvey, Barbara. Living and Dying in England, 1100-1540: The Monastic Experience: The Ford Lectures Delivered in the University of Oxford in Hilary Term 1989. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.

Haskins, Charles Homer. Studies in Mediaeval Culture. 1929; rpt. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1965.

Heffernan, Thomas J. Sacred Biography: Saints and their Biographers in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

Henisch, Bridget Ann. Fast and Feast: Food in Medieval Society. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1976.

Herlihy, David. The Black Death and the Transformation of the West. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.

Hill, Ordelle G. The Manor, the Plowman, and the Shepherd: Agrarian Themes and Imagery in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance English Literature. Selinsgrove, PA: Susquehanna University Press, 1992.

Hilton, Rodney H. Peasants, Knights, and Heretics: Studies in Medieval English Social History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

Hopper, Vincent F. Medieval Number Symbolism: Its Source, Meaning, and Influence on Thought and Expression. New York: Columbia University Press, 1938.

Hughes, Anselm. Early Medieval Music up to 1300. The New Oxford History of Music 2. Rev. ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1955.

Huizinga, Johan. The Autumn of the Middle Ages. Trans. Rodney J. Payton and Ulrich Mammitzsch. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.

Husband, Timothy, and Jane Hayward, eds. The Secular Spirit: Life and Art at the End of the Middle Ages. New York: E. P. Dutton, in association with the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1975.

Hussey, Maurice. Chaucer's World: A Pictorial Companion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967.

Jaeger, C. Stephen. The Origins of Courtliness: Civilizing Trends and the Formation of Courtly Ideals 939-1210. The Middle Ages. Philidelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985.

Jusserand, Jean A. A. J. English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages. Trans. Lucy Toulmin Smith. 4th ed. London: E. Benn, 1950.

Kaeuper, Richard W. Chivalry and Violence in Medieval Europe. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Kantorowicz, Ernst H[artwig]. The King's Two Bodies: A Study in Mediaeval Political Theology. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1957.

Kendall, Alan. Medieval Pilgrims. New York: Putnam's, 1970.

Kieckhefer, Richard. Magic in the Middle Ages. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. ["Covering the years 500 to 1500, this book examines natural and demonic magic and its position in medieval culture. Kieckhefer argues that magic should not be treated as a fringe subject, but rather as an area vital for the understanding of medieval life."]

Kitzinger, Ernst. Early Medieval Art. 1940; Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1964.

Knowles, David. The Evolution of Medieval Thought. London: Longmans, 1962.

Knowles, David. The Religious Orders in England. 3 vols. 1948; Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

Lawrence, Clifford H[ugh], ed. The English Church and the Papacy in the Middle Ages. New York: Fordham University Press, 1965.

Lawrence, C[lifford] H[ugh]. The Friars: The Impact of the Early Mendicant Movement on Western Society. The Medieval World. London: Longman Academic, 1994.

Lawrence, C[lifford] H[ugh]. Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. London and New York: Longman, 1984.

Leff, Gordon. The Dissolution of the Medieval Outlook: An Essay on the Intellectual and Spiritual Change in the Fourteenth Century. New York: Harper and Row, 1976.

Le Goff, Jacques, ed. Medieval Callings. Trans. Lydia G. Cochrane. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990. [". . . these essays by eleven renowned medievalists present nuanced profiles of the major social and professional groups--the callings--of the Middle Ages."]

Levy, Bernard S., ed. The Bible in the Middle Ages: Its Influence on Literature and Art. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 89. Binghamton, NY: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies (Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies, State University of New York at Binghamton), 1992.

Lewis, C. S. The Discarded Image: An Introduction to Medieval and Renaissance Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1964.

Loomis, Roger Sherman. A Mirror of Chaucer's World. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965.

Lull, Ramon. The Book of the Ordre of Chyualry; Translated and Printed by William Caxton from a French Version of Ramón Lull's "Le libre del orde de cauayleria," Together with Adam Loutfut's Scottish Transcript (Harleian MS. 6149). Ed. Alfred T. P. Byles. Early English Text Society OS 168. London: Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1926.

Martindale, Andrew. The Rise of the Artist in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. London: Thames and Hudson, 1972.

Matheson, Lister M., ed. Popular and Practical Science of Medieval England. East Lansing, MI: Colleagues Press, 1992. [Twelve Middle English texts dealing with astrology, fortune telling, medicine, horticulture, and marine navigation.]

Mathew, Gervase. "Ideals of Friendship." In Patterns of Love and Courtesy: Essays in Memory of C. S. Lewis. Ed. John Lawlor. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1966. Pp. 45-53.

McCall, Andrew. The Medieval Underworld. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1979.

Midmer, Roy. English Mediaeval Monasteries, 1066-1540: A Summary. London: Heinemann, 1979.

Newman, Francis X., ed. Social Unrest in the Late Middle Ages. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 39. Binghamton: Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, SUNY, 1986.

Oelschlager, Max. The Idea of Wilderness. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.

Onians, Richard Broxton. The Origins of European Thought about the Body, the Mind, the Soul, the World, Time, and Fate. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.

Orme, Nicholas. "Medieval Hunting: Fact and Fancy." In Chaucer's England: Literature in Historical Context. Ed. Barbara Hanawalt. Medieval Studies at Minnesota 4. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992. Pp. 133-153.

Page, Christopher. Summa Musice: A Thirteenth-Century Manual for Singers. Cambridge Musical Texts and Monographs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Pantin, William Abel. The English Church in the Fourteenth Century. Mediaeval Academy Reprints for Teaching 5. 1955; rpt. Toronto: University of Toronto Press in association with the Mediaeval Academy of America, 1980.

Pfaffenbichler, Matthias. Armourers. Medieval Craftsmen. London: The British Museum, 1992.

Pieper, Josef. The Four Cardinal Virtues. Trans. Richard Winston, et al. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1965.

Purdon, Liam O., and Cindy L. Vitto, eds. The Rusted Hauberk: Feudal Ideals of Order and their Decline. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1994.

Rashdall, Hastings. The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages. 2nd ed. Ed. F. M. Powicke and A. B. Emden. 3 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1936.

Rickert, Edith, ed. Chaucer's World. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962.

Ridyard, Susan J., ed. Chivalry, Knighthood, and War in the Middle Ages. Sewanee Mediaeval Studies 9. Sewanee, TN: University of the South Press, 1999.

Ridyard, Susan J., ed. Death, Sickness and Health in Medieval Society and Culture. Sewanee Mediaeval Studies 10. Sewanee, TN: University of the South Press, 2000.

Rooney, Anne. Hunting in Middle English Literature. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1993.

Rosener, Werner. Peasants in the Middle Ages. Trans. Alexander Stutzer. London: Polity Press, 1991.

Rubin, Miri. "The Body, Whole and Vulnerable, in Fifteenth-Century England." In Bodies and Disciplines: Intersections of Literature and History in Fifteenth-Century England. Ed. Barbara A. Hanawalt and David Wallace. Medieval Cultures 9. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996. Pp. 19-28.

Russell, Jeffrey Burton. Dissent and Order in the Middle Ages: The Search for Legitimate Authority. Twayne Studies in Intellectual and Cultural History 3. Boston: Twayne, 1992.

Ruud, Martin B[ronn]. Thomas Chaucer. Research Publications of the University of Minnesota, Studies in Language and Literature 9. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1926.

Ryan, Christopher, ed. The Religious Roles of the Papacy: Ideals and Realities, 1150-1300. Papers in Mediaeval Studies 8. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1989.

Saunders, Tom. "The Feudal Construction of Space: Power and Domination in the Nucleated Village." In The Social Archaeology of Houses. Ed. Ross Samson. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1990. Pp. 181-196. [Marxist analysis of the spatial construction of feudalism in the medieval village. Abstract: "Social space is both the medium and the outcome of human practice. Any research into social dynamics therefore requires a spatial as well as a temporal dimension. However, the role of social space in the production and reproduction of social relations can only be assessed through concrete research. It is here that the discipline of archaeology has most to offer. The concrete context utilised below is that of medieval feudal society, a society based on rent extraction through the private control of landed estates. Its social structure was thus constituted within a hierarchy of land rights and through a hierarchy of space. Hence the development of politically regulated space was part of the very essence of feudalism. The reflexive relationship between social and spatial relations is examined through an analysis of the nucleated village. The rigorous definition of feudal space, restricting access and physical movement, it seen as being intrinsically linked to the economic power of feudal lords and their domination of the peasantry" (181). Last part of the Introduction: "Drawing on contemporary research within human geography, a materialist interpretation of space is used to explore class and power relations between lord and peasant within the English nucleated village. The argument is structured into three parts: first, there is a methodological discussion on the spatial construction of society; second, a definition of feudalism is offered, outlining the feudal construction of space in the abstract; and third, a concrete examination is made of the spatial data so far recovered from the Raunds area project in Northamptonshire" (182). In the village, the placement of the principal components--manor, church (placed beside and in league with the manor), tenements, and roads--emphasizes feudal dependencies, seen, for instance, in a particularly extreme form in the hamlet of West Cotton (adjacent to Raunds) where the mill was within the enclosed grounds of the manor, accessible to the peasants only by passing through the lord's gatehouse (190).]

Scaglione, Aldo. Knights at Court: Courtliness, Chivalry, and Courtesy from Ottonian Germany to the Italian Renaissance. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1991.

Sheehan, Michael M., ed. Aging and the Aged in Medieval Europe. Papers in Mediaeval Studies 11. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1990.

Sheridan, Ronald, and Anne Ross. Grotesques and Gargoyles: Paganism in the Medieval Church. Devon: David and Charles, 1975.

Simonsohn, Shlomo. The Apostolic See and the Jews. 8 vols. Studies and Texts 94, 95, 99, 104-106, 109, 110. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1988-1991.

Simson, Otto Georg von. The Gothic Cathedral: Origins of Gothic Architecture and the Medieval Concept of Order. 2nd ed. Bollingen Series 48. New York: Pantheon Books, 1962.

Sinnreich-Levi, Deborah M., and Gale Sigal, eds. Voices in Translation: The Authority of "Olde Bookes" in Medieval Literature; Essays in Honor of Helaine Newstead. Pref. Harold M. Proshansky. Foreward Allen Mandelbaum. Intro. Frederick Goldin. AMS Studies in the Middle Ages 17. New York: AMS, 1992.

Smalley, Beryl. The Study of the Bible in the Middle Ages. 3rd ed. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.

Southern, Richard W. (Sir). The Making of the Middle Ages. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1953.

Southern, Richard W. (Sir). Western Society and the Church in the Middle Ages. The Pelican History of the Church 2. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1970.

Southworth, John. The English Medieval Minstrel. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1990.

Sturges, Robert S. Medieval Interpretation: Models of Reading in Literary Narrative, 1100-1500. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1991.

Sumption, Jonathan. Pilgrimage: An Image of Mediaeval Religion. London: Faber and Faber, 1975.

Szittya, Penn R. The Antifraternal Tradition in Medieval Literature. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Taylor, Henry D. The Medieval Mind: A History of the Development of Thought and Emotion in the Middle Ages. 4th ed. 2 vols. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962.

Thomas, Keith Vivian. Religion and the Decline of Magic. New York: Scribner, 1971. [This is an important study of medieval "superstitions" and their suppression in the time of the Reformation.]

Thomson, Williell R. Friars in the Cathedral: The First Franciscan Bishops, 1226-1261. Studies and Texts 33. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1975.

Trachtenberg, Joshua. The Devil and the Jews: The Medieval Conception of the Jew and its Relation to Modern Antisemitism. Harper Torchbooks 822. 1943; rpt. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, 1966.

Turnbull, Stephen R. The Book of the Medieval Knight. London: Arms and Armour Press, 1985.

Vauchez, André. Sainthood in the Later Middle Ages. Trans. Jean Birrell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Volz, Carl A. The Church of the Middle Ages: Growth and Change from 600-1400. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1970.

Von Martels, Z. R. W. M., ed. Alchemy Revisited: Proceedings of the International Conference on the History of Alchemy at the University of Groningen. Collection de Travaux de l'Académie Internationale d'Histoires des Sciences 33. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1990.

Waddell, Helen. The Wandering Scholars. London, Constable, 1927.

Wagner, David L., ed. The Seven Liberal Arts in the Middle Ages. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1984.

Ward, Benedicta. Miracles and the Medieval Mind. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987.

Wasserman, Julian N. "Both Fixed and Free: Language and Destiny in Chaucer's Knight's Tale and Troilus and Criseyde." In Sign, Sentence, Discourse: Language in Medieval Thought and Literature. Ed. Julian N. Wasserman and Lois Roney. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1989. Pp. 194-222.

Waugh, Scott L., and Peter D. Diehl, eds. Christendom and its Discontents: Exclusion, Persecution, and Rebellion, 1000-1500. Cambridge, and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Weiss, R[oberto]. Humanism in England During the Fifteenth Century. 2nd ed. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1957.

White, Lynn, Jr. Medieval Religion and Technology. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.

Williams, Arnold. "Chaucer and the Friars." Speculum 28 (1953): 499-513.

Williams, Arnold. "Relations between the Mendicant Friars and the Regular Clergy in England in the later Fourteenth Century." Annuale Mediaevale 1 (1960): 22-95.

Williman, Daniel, ed. The Black Death: The Impact of the Fourteenth-Century Plague. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 13. Binghamton: Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, SUNY, 1982.

Wilson, Stephen G., ed. Saints and their Cults: Studies in Religious Sociology, Folklore and History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.

Yamamoto, Dorothy. The Boundaries of the Human in Medieval English Literature. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. [Revision of the author's thesis (Ph.D.), Oxford Brookes University. Contents: "Introduction"; "The Bestiary: Establishing Ground Rules"; "Birds: The Ornament of the Air"; "The Fox: Laying Bare Deceit"; "The Heraldic Image"; "Bodies in the Hunt"; "A Reading of The Knight's Tale"; "The Wild Man 1: Figuring Identity"; "The Wild Man 2: The Uncourtly Other"; "Women and the Wild"; "Conclusion."]

Ziegler, Philip. The Black Death. New York: Harper and Row, 1969.

D.ii. Ideological Background: Women in the Middle Ages

Atkinson, Clarissa. The Oldest Vocation: Christian Motherhood in the Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991.

Baker, Derek, ed. Medieval Women: Dedicated and Presented to Prof. Rosalind M. T. Hill on the Occasion of her 70th Birthday. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1978.

Barron, Caroline. "The 'Golden Age' of Women in Medieval London." In Medieval Women in Southern England. A Special Issue of Reading Medieval Studies 15 (1989): 35-58. [Argues that women were relatively well off in late medieval London, and less well off in the age of the Tudors.]

Beer, Frances. Women and Mystical Experience in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1992.

Bennett, Judith M., and Amy M. Froide, eds. Singlewomen in the European Past, 1250-1800. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998.

Berman, Constance H., Charles W. Connell, and Judith Rice Rothschild, eds. The Worlds of Medieval Women: Creativity, Influence, Imagination. Literary and Historical Perspectives of the Middle Ages 2. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press, 1985.

Bertini, Ferruccio, ed. Medioevo al Femminile. Rome: Editori Laterza, 1989. ["The figure of the Medieval Woman, in all her ambiguity and attractiveness, is the subject of this work. Eight emblematic figures have been chosen, each from a different century: Egeria the Pilgrim; Baudonivia the Biographer; Dhuoda the Mother; Rosvita the Poet; Trotula the Doctor; Eloisa the Intellectual; Ildegarda [Hildegard] the Visionary; Caterina the Prophet. The authors, F. Bertini, F. Cardini, Mt. Fumagalli Beonio Brocchieri, C. Leonardi, use both their subjects' works and those of their contemporaries to show how medieval woman lived and thought."]

Blamires, Alcuin. The Case for Women in Medieval Culture. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

Blamires, Alcuin, ed. Woman Defamed and Woman Defended: An Anthology of Medieval Texts. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.

Bornstein, Diane. "Women at Work in the Fifteenth Century." Fifteenth-Century Studies 6 (1983): 33-40.

Bullough, Vern L., and James A. Brundage, eds. Handbook of Medieval Sexuality. Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1696. New York: Garland Publishing, 1996. [Includes essays on canon law and church teaching, on medical teachings about sex and procreation, on medieval gender, on medieval marriage, on homosexuality, cross dressing, prostitution, contraception, and castration.]

Bynum, Caroline Walker. Fragmentation and Redemption: Essays on Gender and the Human Body in Medieval Religion. New York: Zone Books, 1991.

Bynum, Caroline Walker. Holy Feast and Holy Fast: The Religious Significance of Food to Medieval Women. The New Historicism 1. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.

Clover, Carol J. "Regardless of Sex: Men, Women, and Power in Early Northern Europe." Speculum 68 (1993): 363-387. [Speculum 68.2 (April 1993) is a Special Issue entitled "Studying Medieval Women: Sex, Gender, Feminism." Clover argues against the assumption of a simple male=powerful, female=victim approach to the Middle Ages, since power relations fluctuated, and even gender was a fairly fluid concept: "sexual difference used to be less a wall than a permeable membrane . . . in a world in which a physical woman could become a social man, a physical man could (and sooner or later [as in old age] did) become a social woman" (p. 387).]

Collis, Louise. Memoirs of a Medieval Woman: The Life and Times of Margery Kempe. New York: Harper and Row, 1983.

Coss, Peter R. The Lady in Medieval England, 1000-1500. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing, 1998.

Crawford, Anne, ed. Letters of the Queens of England, 1100-1547. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Alan Sutton, 1994.

Damico, Helen, and Alexandra Hennessey Olsen, eds. New Readings on Women in Old English Literature. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989.

DuBruck, Edelgard, ed. New Images of Medieval Women: Studies Toward a Cultural Anthropology. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1989.

Dunn, Diana. "Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI: A Reassessment of her Role, 1445-53." In Crown, Government and People in the Fifteenth Century. Ed. Rowena E. Archer. The Fifteenth Century 2. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Alan Sutton Publishing; New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 107-143.

Edwards, Robert R., and Vickie Ziegler, eds. Matrons and Marginal Women in Medieval Society. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1995.

Elliott, Dyan. Fallen Bodies: Pollution, Sexuality, and Demonology in the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998.

Elliott, Dyan. Spiritual Marriage: Sexual Abstinence in Medieval Wedlock. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993.

Ennen, Edith. The Medieval Woman. Trans. Edmund Jephcott. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989. [First pub. in West Germany, 1984.]

Erler, Mary, and Maryanne Kowaleski, eds. Women and Power in the Middle Ages. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1988.

Eshlean, Lori. "Weavers of Peace, Weavers of War." In Peace and Negotiation: Strategies for Coexistence in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Ed. Diane Wolfthal. Arizona Studies in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance 4. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2000. Pp. 15-37. [The roles of women in medieval peace and war.]

Evans, Rudy, and Lesley Johnson, eds. Feminist Readings in Middle English Poetry: The Wife of Bath and All Her Sect. London: Routledge, 1995.

Ferrante, Joan M. Woman as Image in Medieval Literature from the Twelfth Century to Dante. New York: Columbia University Press, 1975.

Fiero, Gloria K., Wendy Pfeffer, and Mathé Allain, eds. and trans. Three Medieval Views of Women: La Contenance des Fames, Le Bien des Fames, Le Blasme des Fames. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989.

Gies, Frances, and Joseph Gies. Women in the Middle Ages. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1978.

Goldberg, P. J. P., ed. Women in England, 1275-1525. Manchester Medieval Sources. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1995.

Goldberg, P. J. P. "Women in Fifteenth-Century Town Life." In Towns and Townspeople in the Fifteenth Century. Ed. John A. F. Thomson. Stroud, Gloucestershire, and Wolfeboro Falls, NH: Alan Sutton, 1988. Pp. 107-128. [That women enjoyed varied roles and a good deal of integration in town life.]

Goldberg, P. J. P., ed. Women in Medieval English Society, c. 1200-1500. Sutton History. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Alan Sutton, 1997. [First published in 1992 as Woman is a Worthy Wight: Women in English Medieval Society, c.1200-1500. The collection is based upon the proceedings of a conference entitled "Woman is a Worthy Wight" held at Cambridge in 1988. This edition has a new Preface (in part, summarizing scholarship on the subject since the original publication), but the texts of the essays are unchanged. Publisher's description: "The authors present a broad, balanced approach to the subject by analysing the position and influence of women in a variety of religious and secular contexts. Among the important areas discussed are marriage and servanthood, work and status, confession and charity, lordship and estate management. . . . The authors consider in detail the workings of medieval marriage, the status of peasant women in the countryside, the provision of charity for women, the information about gender that can be revealed by archaeology, the responsibility of women in the household and their influence on the running of great estates." Contents: P. J. P. Goldberg, "Marriage, Migration, and Servanthood: The York Cause Paper Evidence" (1-15); Richard M. Smith, "Geographical Diversity in the Resort to Marriage in Late Medieval Europe: Work, Reputation, and Unmarried Females in the Household Formation Systems of Northern and Southern Europe" (16-59); P. P. A. Biller, "Marriage Patterns and Women's Lives: A Sketch of a Pastoral Geography" (60-107); P. J. P. Goldberg, "'For Better, For Worse': Marriage and Economic Opportunity for Women in Town and Country" (108-125); Helena Graham, "'A Woman's Work . . .': Labour and Gender in the Late Medieval Countryside" (126-148); Rowena E. Archer, "'How Ladies . . . who Live on their Manors ought to Manage their Households and Estates': Women as Landholders and Administrators in the Later Middle Ages" (149-181); P. H. Cullum, "'And hir Name was Charite': Charitable Giving by and for Women in Late Medieval Yorkshire" (182-211); Roberta Gilchrist, "'Blessed art Thou among Women': The Archaeology of Female Piety" (212-226).]

Hanawalt, Barbara A. "Narratives of a Nurturing Culture: Parents and Neighbors in Medieval England." Essays in Medieval Studies 12 (1996): 1-21.

Hanawalt, Barbara A., ed. Women and Work in Preindustrial Europe. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986.

Harrison, Dick. The Age of Abbesses and Queens: Gender and Political Culture in Early Medieval Europe. Lund: Nordic Academic Press, 1998. [A study of political culture of early medieval Europe, especially as reflected in documentary evidence for attitudes towards women (was there a gendered political culture? were there specific spheres of influence in which females had sway?). Harrison argues that gender is an important aspect of medieval political culture, and that men and women in similar circumstances often acted in quite different ways as a result, but that sweeping generalizations about "all-powerful males and permanently suppressed females" have flourished only in the absence of historical research in this field (29). Harrison's conclusion is that the stereotypes of female emotion and irrationality arise in this period ("[w]hat we see [in the texts under consideration] is gender in the process of being constructed"), despite (perhaps because of) very real women exercising very real political power and influence.]

Haskell, Anne S. "The Paston Women on Marriage in Fifteenth-Century England." Viator 4 (1973): 459-472.

Holloway, Julia Bolton, Constance S. Wright, and Joan Bechtold, eds. Equally in God's Image: Women in the Middle Ages. New York: Peter Lang, 1990.

Houlbrooke, Ralph A. The English Family, 1450-1700. Themes in British Social History. London and New York: Longman, 1984.

Jewell, Helen M. Women in Medieval England. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1996.

Johnson, Penelope D. Equal in Monastic Profession: Religious Women in Medieval France. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991. ["A study of women living in religious communities which explores the ways in which gender affected their behavior and also shows how many were respected and self-respecting people who shared with monks a family model of monastic life which was mostly gender-neutral."]

Kanner, Barbara, ed. The Women in England from Anglo-Saxon Times to the Present: Interpretive Bibliographical Essays. Hamden, CT: Archon, 1979.

Kelly, Kathleen Coyne, and Marina Leslie, eds. Menacing Virgins: Representing Virginity in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Fwd. Margaret Ferguson. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press, 1999. [Table of Contents: Introduction: "The Epistemology of Virginity," Kathleen Kelly and Marina Leslie; "'Blæju þöll--Young Fir of the Bed-Clothes': Skaldic Seduction," Wiilliam Sayers; "Rhetoric, Power and Integrity in the Passion of the Virgin Martyr," Maud Burnett McInerney [challenges the presumed equation of virginity and silence, though a study of feminine power and eloquence in stories such as Chaucer's Second Nun's Tale]; "King by Day, Queen by Night: The Virgin Camille in the Roman d'Eneas," Wendy Chapman Peek; "Diana's 'Bowe Ybroke': Impotence, Desire, and Virginity in Chaucer's Parliament of Fowls," Kathryn L. Lynch; "Menaced Masculinity and Imperiled Virginity in Malory's Morte Darthur," Kathleen Coyne Kelly; "Il Trionfo della Pudicizia: Menacing Virgins in Italian Renaissance Domestic Painting," Cristelle L. Baskins; "Metaphor and the Mystification of Chastity in Vives's Instruction of a Christen Woman," Nancy Weitz Miller; "Figuring Chastity: Milton's Ludlow Masque," Lauren Shohet [Comus]; "Lost Honor and Torn Veils: A Virgin's Rape in Music," Lydia Hamessley; "Evading Rape and Embracing Empire in Margaret Cavendish's Assaulted and Pursued Chastity," Marina Leslie.]

Kermode, Jenny, and Garthine Walker, eds. Women, Crime, and the Courts in Early Modern England. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1994. [A "collection of seven original essays" which "explores the relationship between the law and women's lives, and demonstrates that women were far from passive victims in a male-dominated legal system."]

Kirshner, Julius, and Suzanne Wemple, eds. Women of the Medieval World: Essays in Honour of John H. Mundy. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985.

Kittel, Ruth. "Women under the Law in Medieval England, 1066-1485." In The Women of England from Anglo-Saxon Times to the Present: Interpretive Bibliographical Essays. Ed. Barbara Kanner. Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1979. Pp. 124-137.

Lampe, David. "Sex Roles and the Role of Sex in Medieval English Literature." In Handbook of Medieval Sexuality. Ed. Vern L. Bullough and James A. Brundage. Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1696. New York: Garland Publishing, 1996. Pp. 401-426. [On "bedroom scenes" from Beowulf to Malory, with significant sections on Gawain and the Green Knight, Gower, Langland, and (especially) Chaucer.]

Lerner, Gerda. The Creation of Feminist Consciousness from the Middle Ages to Eighteen-seventy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Levin, Carole, and Jeanie Watson, eds. Ambiguous Realities: Women in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1987.

Leyser, Henrietta. Medieval Women: A Social History of Women in England, 450-1500. Women in England. London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1995.

Lucas, Angela M. Women in the Middle Ages: Religion, Marriage and Letters. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1983.

Maddern, Philippa. "Honour among the Pastons: Gender and Integrity in Fifteenth-Century English Provincial Life." Journal of Medieval History 14 (1988): 357-371. [The Paston Letters reveal a strong orientation towards the community, with significant scope for women to be involved in public affairs.]

Mann, Jill. Apologies to Women. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Martos, Joseph, and Pierre Hégy, eds. Equal at the Creation: Sexism, Society, and Christian Thought. Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1998.

Mate, Mavis E. Women in Medieval English Society. New Studies in Economic and Social History 39. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. ["This book presents a concise and accessible introduction to the various issues and debates surrounding women and their position in medieval society. Professor Mate examines the role women played in the economy, clarifies legal provisions for women and highlights the importance of class, as well as gender, in determining marriage and opportunities" (Publisher's blurb).]

Matter, E. Ann, and John Coakley, eds. Creative Women in Medieval and Early Modern Italy: A Religious and Artistic Renaissance. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994.

Morewedge, Rosemarie T., ed. The Role of Woman in the Middle Ages. Albany: State University of New York, 1975.

O'Day, Rosemary. The Family and Family Relationships, 1500-1900: England, France, and the United States of America. Themes in Comparative History. London: Macmillan, 1994. [A historical study of the family, which begins from a presupposition that socio-religious prescriptions are not a good source for the history of the family: given human nature, the search for comfort and harmony will predominate despite all attempts at ideological imposition from outside (husbands and wives have regularly "negotiated their own levels of comfort" apart from legal niceties and moral prescriptions).]

Owen, D. D. R. Eleanor of Aquitaine. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1993.

Parsons, John Carmi, ed. Medieval Queenship. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Alan Sutton, 1994.

Partner, Nancy F. "No Sex, No Gender." Speculum 68 (1993): 363-387. [Speculum 68.2 (April 1993) is a Special Issue entitled "Studying Medieval Women: Sex, Gender, Feminism." "The two polar terms of sex and gender (alias: body vs. society; nature vs. culture; biology vs. artifice) offered us in current discussions are just not enough conceptual equipment to address the complex issues of psychosexual identity and collective culture. . . . A middle or third term is always needed--'self' or 'sexuality' will do quite well--to acknowledge the developmental negotiations of mind with world which produce men and women who do tend to be recognizably like others of the same sex (and class, society, etc.) when regarded collectively, but yet are quite distinct and individual when seen 'close up.' Gender, as a concept carrying all the explanatory weight for human behaviour, thins out and dehumanizes the individual while never accounting for the deviance, rebellion, and simple idiosyncrasy which happily fill the historical record. The currently missing middle term of psychosexual development would restore the reality that human beings actively negotiate their way into their worlds; they are not passively processed by them" (pp. 441-442).]

Power, Eileen. Medieval People. 10th ed. London: Methuen, 1963.

Power, Eileen. Medieval Women. Ed. M. M. Postan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975.

Ranft, Patricia. Women and Spiritual Equality in Christian Tradition. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.

Ranft, Patricia. Women and the Religious Life in Premodern Europe. London: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996. [On the achievements of women in religious orders (abbesses, visionaries, contributions to music, science, etc.). Includes sections on Hildegard of Bingen, Heloise, etc.]

Renevey, Denis, and Christiania Whitehead, eds. Writing Religious Women: Female Spiritual and Textual Practices in Late Medieval England. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000.

Richmond, Colin. "The Pastons Revisited: Marriage and the Family in Fifteenth Century England." Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 58 (1985): 25-36.

Rigby, S. H. "The Wife of Bath, Christine de Pizan, and the Medieval Case for Women." Chaucer Review 35 (2000-2001): 133-165.

Roberts, Anna, ed. Violence against Women in Medieval Texts. Gainesville, Tallahassee, Tampa, Boca Raton, Pensacola, Orlando, Miami, Jacksonville: University Press of Florida, 1998.

Rose, Mary Beth, ed. Women in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance: Literary and Historical Perspectives. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1991.

Rosenthal, Joel T., ed. Medieval Women and the Sources of Medieval History. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1991.

Salih, Sarah. Versions of Virginity in Late Medieval England. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 2001. ["This study looks at the question of what it meant to be a virgin in the Middle Ages, and the forms which female virginity took. It begins with the assumptions that there is more to virginity than sexual inexperience, and that virginity may be considered a gendered identity, a role which is performed rather than biologically determined. The author explores versions of virginity as they appear in medieval saints' lives, in the institutional chastity of nuns, and as shown in the book of Margery Kempe, showing how it can be active, contested, vulnerable but also recoverable" [Publisher's blurb].]

Schnell, Rüdiger. "The Discourse on Marriage in the Middle Ages." Trans. Andrew Shields. Speculum 73 (1998): 771-786. [Challenges the assumption that medieval discourse on marriage was antifeminist, and that antifeminist attitudes were to be expected among medieval priests; Schnell studies marriage sermons and finds that they generally encourage mutuality, and that they were more likely to blame men than to blame women for marital failures.]

Schrader, Richard J. God's Handiwork: Images of Women in Early Germanic Literature. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1983.

Seward, Desmond. Eleanor of Aquitaine: The Mother Queen. London: David and Charles, 1978.

Shahar, Shulamith. The Fourth Estate: A History of Women in the Middle Ages. Trans. Chaya Galai. London: Methuen, 1983.

Sheehan, Michael M., CSB. "The Wife of Bath and her Four Sisters: Reflections on a Woman's Life in the Age of Chaucer." Medievalia et Humanistica ns 13 (1985): 23-42. [Rpt. in Critical Essays on Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales." Ed. Malcolm Andrew. London: Open University Press; Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991. Pp. 187-204. This is an excellent essay, summarizing the current state of our knowledge about women in the period of Chaucer. Sheehan objects to the "generalizations" and universalizing tendencies of many current articles, since, on the one hand, there were many distinctions between women of different groups which distinctions are too often blurred by modern writers, and, secondly, we are only just beginning to analyze the available evidence: this field of study is still in its infancy and it is too soon to be drawing broad conclusions.]

Smith, Susan L. The Power of Women: A Topos in Medieval Art and Literature. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995.

Stuart, Susan Mosher. Women in Medieval History and Historiography. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987.

"Studying Medieval Women: Sex, Gender, Feminism." A Special Issue of Speculum 68.2 (April 1993).

Swabey, Ffiona. Medieval Gentlewoman: Life in a Widow's Household in the Later Middle Ages. New York: Routledge; Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing, 1999.

Van Houts, Elisabeth. Memory and Gender in Medieval Europe, 900-1200. Explorations in Medieval Culture and Society 1. London: Macmillan; Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1999. ["Tracing the oral and written memories of families and monastic communities though chronicles, saints' lives, and material objects such as jewellery and memorial stones, Elisabeth van Houts argues that in the Middle Ages, as now, the knowledge of the past was shaped by men as well as women. Men may have dominated the pages of literature but many of the stories they wrote were told to them by women. The Norman Conquest of England in 1066 provides a case study to illustrate the ways in which one memorable event reverberated through the generations. In England and Normandy, men and women remembered their ancestors' experiences: the worst were kept alive orally for a long time before they were written down, the best were put on paper straight away" (publisher's advertisement). Van Houts challenges the traditional view, that medieval historical writing was the product of self-perpetuating monastic and male privilege, Van Houts emphasizes the collaboration of women and men in preserving both the memory of familial ancestry as well as in the production of chronicles, annals, and saints' lives.]

Ward, Jennifer C. English Noblewomen in the Later Middle Ages. The Medieval World. London and New York: Longman, 1992. ["A look into the often varied life and activities of the noblewoman--her role in household and estate business, the use of wealth and show, and the exercise of hospitality and patronage."]

Watson, Laura. "The Disposal of Paston Daughters." In Sovereign Lady: Essays on Women in Middle English Literature. Ed. Muriel Whitaker. Garland Medieval Casebooks 11; Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1876. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1995. Pp. 45-62.

Watt, Diane, ed. Medieval Women in their Communities. Cardiff: University of Wales Press; Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1997.

Watt, Diane. Secretaries of God: Women Prophets in Late Medieval and Early Modern England. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1997.

Weir, Alison. Eleanor of Aquitaine: By the Wrath of God, Queen of England. London: Jonathan Cape, 1999.

Wiethaus, Ulrike, ed. Maps of Flesh and Light: The Religious Experience of Medieval Women Mystics. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1993.

D.iii. Ideological Background: Love, Romance, Marriage, Family

Andreas Capellanus. The Art of Courtly Love. Trans. John Jay Parry. 1941; New York: W. W. Norton, 1969.

Benson, Larry D. "Courtly Love and Chivalry in the Later Middle Ages." In Fifteenth-Century Studies: Recent Essays. Ed. Robert F. Yeager. Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1984. Pp. 237-257.

Benton, John F. "The Evidence for Andreas Capellanus Re-Examined Again." Studies in Philology 59 (1962): 471-478.

Bloch, R. Howard. Medieval Misogyny and the Invention of Western Romantic Love. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.

Boase, Roger. The Origin and Meaning of Courtly Love: A Critical Study of European Scholarship. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1977.

Brook, Leslie C., ed. Two Late Medieval Love Treatises: Heloises's Art d'Amour and a Collection of Demandes d'Amour. Medium Ævum Monographs ns 16. Oxford: Society for the Study of Mediæval Languages and Literature, 1993.

Brooke, Christopher. The Medieval Idea of Marriage. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989.

Burnley, J. D. "Fine Amor: Its Meaning and Context." Review of English Studies ns 31 (1980): 139-148.

Cartlidge, Neil. Medieval Marriage: Literary Approaches, 1100-1300. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1997.

Cherchi, Paolo. Andreas and the Ambiguity of Courtly Love. Toronto Italian Studies. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995.

Coghill, N[eville] K. "Love and 'Foul Delight': Some Contrasted Attitudes." In Patterns of Love and Courtesy: Essays in Memory of C. S. Lewis. Ed. John Lawlor. London: Edward Arnold, 1966. Pp. 141-156.

Crosland, Jessie. "Ovid's Contribution to the Conception of Love known as 'L'Amour courtois.'" Modern Language Review 42 (1947): 199-206.

Denomy, A. J. "The De amore of Andreas Capellanus and the Condemnation of 1277." Mediaeval Studies 8 (1946): 107-149.

Denomy, A. J. The Heresy of Courtly Love. New York: D. X. McMullen, 1947.

Donaldson, E. Talbot. "The Myth of Courtly Love." Ventures 5.2 (1965): 16-23.

Duby, Georges. Medieval Marriage: Two Models from Twelfth-Century France. Trans. Elborg Forster. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978.

Edwards, Robert R., and Stephen Spector, eds. The Olde Daunce: Love, Friendship, Sex and Marriage in the Medieval World. Binghamton: Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, SUNY, 1991.

Ferrand, Jacques. A Treatise on Lovesickness. Trans. Donald A. Beecher and Massimo Ciavolella. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1990.

Ferrante, Joan M. "Cortes' Amor in Medieval Texts." Speculum 55 (1980): 686-695.

Ferrante, Joan M., and George D. Economou, eds. In Pursuit of Perfection: Courtly Love in Medieval Literature. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1975.

Gilson, Etienne. The Mystical Theology of Saint Bernard. Trans. A. H. C. Downes; Introd. Jean Leclerq. Cistercian Studies 120. Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications, 1990. [Lectures delivered in 1933 at University College of Wales (Aberystwith). Originally published as Le théologie mystique de saint Bernard. Études de philosophie médiévale 20. Paris: J. Vrin, 1934. Includes a section on Courtly Love.]

Gottlieb, Beatrice. The Family in the Western World from the Black Death to the Industrial Age. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Itnyre, Cathy Jorgensen, ed. Medieval Family Roles: A Book of Essays. Garland Medieval Casebooks 15; Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1727. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1996.

Jackson, W. T. H. "The De amore of Andreas Capellanus and the Practice of Love at Court." Romanic Review 49 (1958): 243-251.

Jaeger, C. Stephen. Ennobling Love: In Search of a Lost Sensibility. The Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. ["Stephen Jaeger contends that love and sex in the Middle Ages related to each other very differently than in the post-medieval period. Love was not only a mode of feeling and desiring, or an exclusively private sentiment, but a way of behaving and a social ideal. It was a form of aristocratic self-representation, its social function to show forth virtue in lovers, to raise their inner worth, to increase their honor and enhance their reputation" [Publisher's blurb].]

Kahn-Blumstein, Andrée. Misogyny and Idealization in the Courtly Romance. Studien zur Germanistik, Anglistik und Komparatistik 41. Bonn: Bouvier, 1977.

Kelly, Douglas. Medieval Imagination: Rhetoric and the Poetry of Courtly Love. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978.

Kelly, Henry Ansgar. "Gaston Paris's Courteous and Horsely Love." In The Spirit of the Court: Selected Proceedings of the 4th Congress of the International Courtly Literature Society, Toronto 1983. Ed. Glyn Burgess and Robert Taylor. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1985. Pp. 217-223.

Kelly, Henry Ansgar. Love and Marriage in the Age of Chaucer. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1975.

Lazar, Moshé. Amour courtois et "fin'amors" dans la littérature du XIIe siècle. Paris: C. Klincksieck, 1964.

Lazar, Moshé, and Norris J. Lacy, eds. Poetics of Love in the Middle Ages: Texts and Contexts. Fairfax: George Mason University Press, 1989.

MacFarlane, Alan. Marriage and Love in England, 1300-1840. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986.

Mahoney, John F. "The Evidence for Andreas Capellanus in Re-Examination." Studies in Philology 55 (1958): 1-6.

Martindale, Charles, ed. Ovid Renewed: Ovidian Influences on Literature and Art from the Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Mathew, Gervase. "Marriage and Amour Courtois in Late Fourteenth-Century England." In Essays Presented to Charles Williams. Ed. C. S. Lewis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1947. Pp. 128-135.

McCash, June Hall. "Mutual Love as a Medieval Ideal." In Courtly Literature: Culture and Context; Selected Papers from the 5th Triennial Congress of the International Courtly Literature Society, Dalfsen, The Netherlands, 9-16 August 1986. Ed. Keith Busby and Erik Kooper. Utrechtse Publikaties voor Algemene Literatuurwetenschap / Utrecht Publications in General and Comparative Linguistics 25. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1990. Pp. 429-438.

Miller, Robert P. "The Wounded Heart: Courtly Love and the Medieval Antifeminist Tradition." Women's Studies 2 (1977): 335-350.

Mirrer, Louise, ed. Upon my Husband's Death: Widows in the Literature and Histories of Medieval Europe. Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Civilization. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1991.

Moi, Toril. "Desire in Language: Andreas Capellanus and the Controversy of Courtly Love." In Medieval Literature: Criticism, Ideology and History. Ed. David Aers. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1986. Pp. 11-33.

Monson, Don A. "Andreas Capellanus and the Problem of Irony." Speculum 63 (1988): 539-572.

Monson, Don A. "Andreas Capellanus's Scholastic Definition of Love." Viator 25 (1994): 197-214.

Newman, Francis X., ed. The Meaning of Courtly Love. Albany: State University of New York, 1968.

O'Donoghue, Bernard. The Courtly Love Tradition. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982.

Oppel, John. "Saint Jerome and the History of Sex." Viator 24 (1993): 1-22. [Despite the Wife of Bath and others, Jerome's work not antifeminist; it is anti-matrimonial and, in particular, against a certain kind of marriage (one which disempowers women by making them nothing more than child-bearers). The Adversus Jovinianum needs to be viewed in the context of the history of the family rather than as a source of medieval antifeminism.]

Parsons, John Carmi, and Bonnie Wheeler, eds. Medieval Mothering. The New Middle Ages 3; Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1979. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1996. [Among other content, "[t]heoretical essays examine medical and literary sources to establish that for male commentators, the narrowly biological, female parameters of maternity were insistently supplanted by images of nurturant mothering, an ungendered activity that could be preempted and associated with male behavior."]

Payer, Pierre J. The Bridling of Desire: Ideas of Sex in the Later Middle Ages. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993. ["The later Middle Ages saw the emergence of an integral theory of human sexuality, a systematic account of its origins, role, and significance in the divine plan. Instead of simply dismissing medieval views of sex as misogynist and guilt-ridden, Pierre Payer urges a re-examination of medieval writers' understanding of sexuality within the context of their cosmological perspective" (publisher's summary). Cf. Beryl Rowland's comment in her review of this book and his Sex and the Penitentials (reviewed together), in Florilegium 14 (1995-1996): 205-211; p. 211: "Taking issue with the popular, present-day view that the sexual codes were devised by neurotic misogynists, obsessed by sex and an overwhelming sense of personal guilt, Payer skillfully argues the contrary view that the writers were for the most part learned, dispassionate philosophers and that the nature, intention, and morality of sex as conceived by them was positive and reasonable."]

Reiss, Edmund. "Fin'Amors: Its History and Meaning in Medieval Literature." Medieval and Renaissance Studies [8]. Ed. Dale B. J. Randall. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1979. Pp. 74-99.

Robertson, D. W., Jr. "The Concept of Courtly Love as an Impediment to the Understanding of Medieval Texts." In his Essays in Medieval Culture. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980. Pp. 265-272.

Scaglione, Aldo. Nature and Love in the Late Middle Ages. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1963.

Steadman, J. M. "'Courtly Love' as a Problem of Style." In Chaucer und seine Zeit, ed. Arno Esch. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1968. Pp. 1-33.

Utley, Francis Lee. "Must We Abandon the Concept of Courtly Love?" Medievalia et Humanistica ns 3 (1972): 299-324.

Wack, Mary F. Lovesickness in the Middle Ages: The Viaticum and its Commentaries. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990.

Weigand, Hermann J. Three Chapters on Courtly Love in Arthurian France and Germany. New York: AMS Press, 1966.

Wilson, Katharina M., and Elizabeth M. Makowski. Wykked Wyves and the Woes of Marriage: Misogamous Literature from Juvenal to Chaucer. SUNY Series in Medieval Studies. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990.

Witte, John, Jr. From Sacrament to Contract: Marriage, Religion, and Law in the Western Tradition. The Family, Religion, and Culture Series. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 1997. [Chap. 1 is on marriage in the Middle Ages.]

D.iv. Ideological Background: The City (Thebes, Troy, London)

Bryant, Lawrence M. "Configurations of the Community in Late Medieval Spectacles: Paris and London During the Dual Monarchy." In City and Spectacle in Medieval Europe. Ed. Barbara A. Hanawalt, and Kathryn L. Reyerson. Medieval Studies at Minnesota 6. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 1994. Pp. 3-33. [On Henry VI's coronations in Westminster and Paris, 1432, and Lydgate's "Triumphal Entry."]

Clogan, Paul M. "Imaging the City of Thebes in Fifteenth-Century England." In Acta Conventus Neo-Latini Hafniensis: Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Neo-Latin Studies, Copenhagen, 12 August to 17 August 1991. Ed. Rhoda Schnur, Ann Moss, Philip Dust, Paul Gerhard Schmidt, Jacques Chomarat, and Francesco Tateo. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 120. Binghamton, NY: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies (Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies, State University of New York at Binghamton), 1994. Pp. 155-163.

DeVries, David. "And Away Go Troubles Down the Drain: Late Medieval London and the Poetics of Urban Renewal." Exemplaria 8 (1996): 401-418.

Gordon, George. "The Trojans in Britain." Essays and Studies 9 (1924): 9-30.

Griffin, Nathaniel E. Dares and Dictys: An Introduction to the Study of Medieval Versions of the Story of Troy. Baltimore: J. H. Furst, 1907.

Hanawalt, Barbara A., and Kathryn L. Reyerson, eds. City and Spectacle in Medieval Europe. Medieval Cultures 6. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.

Heninger, S. K., Jr. "The Tudor Myth of Troy-novant." Southern Atlantic Quarterly 61 (1961-1962): 378-387.

MacDougall, Hugh A. Racial Myth in English History: Trojans, Teutons and Anglo-Saxons. Montreal: Harvest House, 1982.

McCall, John P., and George Rudisill, Jr. "The Parliament of 1386 and Chaucer's Trojan Parliament." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 58 (1959): 276-288.

Parsons, A. E. "The Trojan Legend in England: Some Instances of its Application to the Politics of the Times." Modern Language Review 24 (1929): 253-264, 394-408.

Robertson, D. W., Jr. Chaucer's London. New York: Wiley, 1968.

Rörig, Fritz. The Medieval Town. Trans. D. Bryant. London: B. T. Batsford, 1967.

Schofield, John. The Building of London, From the Norman Conquest to the Great Fire. 2nd ed. London: British Museum Publications, in association with the Museum of London, 1993. [On the growth of London from the Norman Conquest to the Great Fire of 1666; includes a gazetteer showing where surviving fragments of medieval London can be seen today.]

Tatlock, John S. P. The Legendary History of Britain. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1950.

E. Linguistic Background

Blake, Norman F. The English Language in Medieval Literature. Everyman's University Library. London: J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1977.

Blake, Norman F. "From Chaucer to Shakespeare: The Non-Dramatic Tradition." In his Non-Standard Language in English Literature. The Language Library. London: André Deutsch, 1981. Pp. 39-62.

Bowden, Betsy. Listeners' Guide to Medieval English: A Discography. Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 912. New York: Garland, 1988.

Burnley, David. A Guide to Chaucer's Language. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1983.

Burnley, J. D. Chaucer's Language and the Philosopher's Tradition. Chaucer Studies 2. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1979.

Elliott, Ralph W. V. Chaucer's English. The Language Library. London: André Deutsch Ltd., 1974.

Fisher, John H. "A Language Policy for Lancastrian England." PMLA 107 (1992): 1168-1180.

Jones, Charles. An Introduction to Middle English. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972.

Kerkhof, J. Studies in the Language of Geoffrey Chaucer. 2nd ed. Leidse Germanistische en Anglistische Reeks van de Rijksuniversiteitte Leiden 5. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982.

Kökeritz, Helge. A Guide to Chaucer's Pronunciation. Medieval Academy Reprints for Teaching 3. 1961; Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1978.

McIntosh, Angus, M. L. Samuels, and Margaret Laing. Middle English Dialectology: Essays on Some Principles and Problems. Ed. Margaret Laing. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1989.

Mossé, Fernand. A Handbook of Middle English. Trans. James A. Walker. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1952.

Samuels, M. L., and J. J. Smith. The English of Chaucer and his Contemporaries. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1989.

Sandved, A. O. Introduction to Chaucerian English. Chaucer Studies 11. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1989.

Smith, J. J., ed. The English of Chaucer and his Contemporaries: Essays by M. L. Samuels and J. J. Smith. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1989.

Stephens, John, and Ruth Waterhouse. Literature, Language, and Change: From Chaucer to the Present. The Interface Series. London: Routledge, 1990.

Wright, Joseph, and Elizabeth Mary Wright. An Elementary Middle English Grammar. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1928.

F. Literary Background

Astell, Ann W. Political Allegory in Late Medieval England. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999.

Atwan, Robert, and Laurance Wieder. Chapters into Verse: Poetry in English Inspired by the Bible. 2 vols. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. [Rutherford PR 1191 C467 1993. Versifications of passages from the Bible, arranged according to Biblical order.]

Bennett, H[enry] S[tanley]. Chaucer and the Fifteenth Century. Oxford History of English Literature 2.1. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1947.

Bennett, Michael J. "The Court of Richard II and the Promotion of Literature." In Chaucer's England: Literature in Historical Context. Ed. Barbara Hanawalt. Medieval Studies at Minnesota 4. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992. Pp. 3-20.

Bernardo, Aldo S., and Saul Levin, eds. The Classics in the Middle Ages: Papers of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 69. Binghamton, NY: Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies, State University of New York, 1990.

Boffey, Julia. "Middle English Lyrics: Texts and Interpretations." In Medieval Literature: Texts and Interpretations. Ed. Tim William Machan. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 79. Binghamton, NY: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies (Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies, State University of New York at Binghamton), 1991. Pp. 121-138.

Bonner, Francis W. "The Genesis of the Chaucer Apocrypha." Studies in Philology 48 (1951): 461-481.

Bowers, John M. "The House of Chaucer & Son: The Business of Lancastrian Canon-Formation." Medieval Perspectives 6 (1991): 135-143.

Bowers, John M. "Mankind and the Political Interests of Bury St. Edmunds." Æstel 2 (1994): 77-103.

Bumke, Joachim. Courtly Culture: Literature and Society in the High Middle Ages. Trans. Thomas Dunlap. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1991.

Burrow, J. A. Ricardian Poetry: Chaucer, Gower, Langland and the Gawain Poet. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1971.

Busby, Keith, and Erik Kooper, eds. Courtly Literature: Culture and Context; Selected Papers from the 5th Triennial Congress of the International Courtly Literature Society, Dalfsen, The Netherlands, 9-16 August 1986. Utrechtse Publikaties voor Algemene Literatuurwetenschap / Utrecht Publications in General and Comparative Linguistics 25. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1990.

Calin, William. The French Tradition and the Literature of Medieval England. University of Toronto Romance Series. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995.

Chamberlain, David, ed. New Readings of Late Medieval Love Poems. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1993.

Chambers, E[dmund] K[erchever]. English Literature at the Close of the Middle Ages. 2nd ed. Oxford History of English Literature 2.2. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1947.

Chance, Jane. Medieval Mythography: From Roman North Africa to the School of Chartres, A.D. 422-1177. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1994.

Cherewatuk, Karen, and Ulrike Wiethaus. Dear Sister: Medieval Women and the Epistolary Genre. University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1993.

Coleman, Janet. English Literature in History, 1350-1400: Medieval Readers and Writers. English Literature in History 1. London: Hutchinson, 1981.

Conley, John. "'Aureate': A Stylistic Term." Notes and Queries ns 13 [211] (1966): 369-371.

Cooper, Helen. "Generic Variations on the Theme of Poetic and Civil Authority." In Poetics: Theory and Practice in Medieval English Literature; The J. A. W. Bennett Memorial Lectures, Seventh Series, Perugia, 1990. Ed. Piero Boitani and Anna Torti. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1991. Pp. 83-103.

Copeland, Rita, ed. Criticism and Dissent in the Middle Ages. Cambridge, New York, and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Cowen, Janet. "Women as Exempla in Fifteenth-Century Verse of the Chaucerian Tradition." In Chaucer and Fifteenth-Century Poetry. Ed. Julia Boffey and Janet Cowen. King's College London Medieval Studies 5. London: King's College London, Centre for Late Antique and Medieval Studies, 1991. Pp. 51-65.

Curtius, E. R. European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages. Trans. W. R. Trask. New York: Pantheon Books, 1953.

Davidoff, Judith M. Beginning Well: Framing Fictions in Late Middle English Poetry. Cranbury, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1988. ["Explores the symbolic effects of narrative patterns in Middle Englilsh verse, in relation to medieval assumptions about narrative structures."]

Dean, James M., and Christian K. Zacher, eds. The Idea of Medieval Literature: New Essays on Chaucer and Medieval Culture in Honor of Donald R. Howard. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press; London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, 1992.

Delany, Sheila. Medieval Literary Politics: Shapes of Ideology. Cultural Politics. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1990.

Doob, Penelope Reed. The Idea of the Labyrinth from Classical Antiquity through the Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1990.

Ebin, Lois A. Illuminator, Makar, Vates: Visions of Poetry in the Fifteenth Century. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1988.

Ebin, Lois A., ed. Vernacular Poetics in the Middle Ages. Studies in Medieval Culture 16. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 1984.

Edwards, A. S. G., ed. and intro. "Tradition and Innovation in Fifteenth-Century Poetry." A Special Issue of Modern Language Quarterly 53.1 (March 1992).

Edwards, Robert R. Ratio and Invention: A Study in Medieval Lyric and Narrative. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1989.

Eliason, Norman E. "Chaucer's Fifteenth-Century Successors." Medieval and Renaissance Studies 5 (1969): 103-121.

Emmerson, Richard K., and Bernard McGinn. The Apocalypse in the Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1993.

Emmerson, Richard K., and Ronald B. Herzman. The Apocalyptic Imagination in Medieval Literature. Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992.

Evans, Rudy, and Lesley Johnson, eds. Feminist Readings in Middle English Poetry: The Wife of Bath and All Her Sect. London: Routledge, 1995.

Farrell, Thomas B. Norms of Rhetorical Culture. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.

Fisher, John H. The Importance of Chaucer. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1992.

Fletcher, Bradford Y., and A. Leslie Harris. "On the Concept 'Popular' in Middle English Poetry." English Studies 73 (1992): 292-299.

Fox, Denton. "Chaucer's Influence on Fifteenth-Century Poetry." In Companion to Chaucer Studies. Ed. Beryl Rowland. New York: Oxford University Press, 1968. Pp. 385-402. [This essay was not included in the second edition.]

Gibson, Gail McMurray. The Theater of Devotion: East Anglian Drama and Society in the Late Middle Ages. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1989.

Gilbert, Allan H. "Notes on the Influence of the Secretum Secretorum." Speculum 3 (1928): 84-98.

Gray, Douglas, ed. English Medieval Religious Lyrics. 2nd ed. Exeter Medieval English Texts and Studies. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1992.

Green, Richard Firth. "John Ball's Letters: Literary History and Historical Literature." In Chaucer's England: Literature in Historical Context. Ed. Barbara Hanawalt. Medieval Studies at Minnesota 4. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992. Pp. 176-200.

Green, Richard Firth. Poets and Princepleasers: Literature and the English Court in the Late Middle Ages. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.

Guerin, M. Victoria. The Fall of Kings and Princes: Structure and Destruction in Arthurian Tragedy. Reading Medieval Culture. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.

Harwood, Britton J., and Gillian R. Overing, eds. Class and Gender in Early English Literature: Intersections. Bloomington: University of Indiana Press, 1994.

Heffernan, Thomas J. "The Virgin as an Aid to Salvation in Some Fifteenth-Century English and Latin Verses." Medium Ævum 52 (1983): 229-238.

Hopkins, Andrea. The Sinful Knights: A Study of Middle English Penitential Romance. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

Kaylor, Noel Harold, Jr. The Medieval "Consolation of Philosophy": An Annotated Bibliography. Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1215; Garland Medieval Bibliographies 7. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1992. [Chap. 5 (pp. 163-217) is on "The Middle English Tradition" (Chaucer's "Boece" and later versions).]

Kessel-Brown, Deirdre. "The Emotional Landscape of the Forest in the Mediaeval Love Lament." Medium Ævum 59 (1990): 228-247. [Where the garden (the "locus amoenus"--Kessel-Brown uses Curtius's phrase) is the landscape of "lovers' fulfilment," the forest "provides imagery for those unhappy in love" (p. 228).]

Kingsford, Charles Lethbridge. English Historical Literature in the Fifteenth Century, with an Appendix of Chronicles and Historical Pieces Hitherto for the Most Part Unprinted. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913.

Kingsford, Charles Lethbridge. English History in Contemporary Poetry. No. 2. London: G. Bell and Sons, for the Historical Association, 1913.

Knight, Stephen. "The Social Function of the Middle English Romances." In Medieval Literature: Criticism, Ideology, and History. Ed. David Aers. New York: St. Martin's, 1986. Pp. 99-122.

Lerer, Seth. Chaucer and his Readers: Imagining the Author in Late Medieval England. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993.

Lewis, C. S. The Allegory of Love: A Study in Medieval Tradition. London: Oxford University Press, 1936.

Machan, Tim William, ed. Medieval Literature: Texts and Interpretations. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 79. Binghamton: Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, SUNY, 1991.

Mendenhall, John Cooper. Aureate Terms: A Study in the Literary Diction of the Fifteenth Century. Lancaster, PA: Wickersham Printing Company, 1919.

Middleton, Anne. "The Idea of Public Poetry in the Reign of Richard II." Speculum 53 (1978): 94-114.

Morse, Ruth. Truth and Convention in the Middle Ages: Rhetoric, Representation, and Reality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Myles, Robert. Chaucerian Realism. Chaucer Studies 20. Woodbridge, Suffolk, and Rochester, NY: Boydell and Brewer, 1994.

Olson, Paul A. The Canterbury Tales and the Good Society. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Owst, Gerald R. Literature and Pulpit in Medieval England: A Neglected Chapter in the History of English Letters and of the English People. 2nd ed. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1961.

Owst, Gerald R. Preaching in Medieval England: An Introduction to Sermon Manuscripts of the Period c. 1350-1450. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought. 1926; rpt. New York: Russell & Russell, 1965.

Palmer, R. Barton, ed. Chaucer's French Contemporaries. Georgia State Literary Studies 10. New York: AMS, 1992.

Patch, Howard. The Goddess Fortuna in Medieval Literature. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1927.

Patterson, Lee. Chaucer and the Subject of History. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press; London: Routledge, 1991.

Patterson, Lee, ed. Literary Practice and Social Change in Britain, 1380-1530. New Historicism: Studies in Cultural Politics 8. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.

Patterson, Lee. Negotiating the Past: The Historical Understanding of Medieval Literature. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1987.

Pinti, Daniel J., ed. Writing after Chaucer: Essential Readings in Chaucer and the Fifteenth Century. Basic Readings in Chaucer and his Times 1; Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 2040. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1998.

Powell, Susan, and Jeremy J. Smith, eds. New Perspectives on Middle English Texts: A Festschrift for R. A. Waldron. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 2000.

Scanlon, Larry. Narrative, Authority, and Power: The Medieval Exemplum and the Chaucerian Tradition. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 20. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

Scattergood, V[incent] J[ohn]. Politics and Poetry in the Fifteenth Century, 1399-1485. Blandford History Series. London: Blandford Press, 1971.

Silverstein, Theodore. Literate Laughter: Critical Essays in Medieval Narrative and Poetry. Ed. John C. Jacobs. Fwd. by Winthrop Wetherbee. Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt-am-Main, New York, Oxford, Vienna: Peter Lang, 2002. [A collection of previously published essays by Silverstein, including several on Gawain and the Green Knight.]

Spearing, A[nthony] C. The Medieval Poet as Voyeur: Looking and Listening in Medieval Love-Narratives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Spearing, A[nthony] C. Medieval to Renaissance in English Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Spearing, A[nthony] C. "The Poetic Subject from Chaucer to Spenser." In Subjects on the World's Stage: Essays on British Literature of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Ed. David G. Allen and Robert A. White. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press; London: Associated University Presses, 1995. Pp. 13-37.

Spiegel, Gabrielle M. The Past as Text: The Theory and Practice of Medieval Historiography. Parallax: Re-visions of Culture and Society. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997.

Stemmler, Theo. "'My Fair Lady': Parody in Fifteenth-Century English Lyrics." In Medieval Studies Conference Aachen 1983: Language and Literature. Ed. Wolf-Dietrich Bald and Horst Weinstock. Frankfort: Peter Lang, 1984. Pp. 205-213.

Strohm, Paul. "Chaucer's Audience." Literature and History 3 [no. 5] (1977): 26-41.

Strohm, Paul. "Fourteenth- and Fifteenth-Century Writers as Readers of Chaucer." In Genres, Themes, and Images in English Literature from the Fourteenth to the Fifteenth Century: The J. A. W. Bennett Memorial Lectures, Perugia, 1986. Ed. Piero Boitani and Anna Torti. Tübinger Beiträge zur Anglistik 11. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1988. Pp. 90-104.

Torti, Anna. The Glass of Form: Mirroring Structures from Chaucer to Skelton. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 1991.

Wasserman, Julian N., and Lois Roney, eds. Sign, Sentence, Discourse: Language in Medieval Thought and Literature. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1989.

Wenzel, Siegfried. "Pestilence and Middle English Literature: Friar John Grimestone's Poems on Death." In The Black Death: The Impact of the Fourteenth-Century Plague; Papers of the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies. Ed. Daniel Williman. Intro. Nancy Siraisi. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 13. Binghamton, NY: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies (Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies, State University of New York at Binghamton), 1982. Pp. 131-159. [Six papers from the 1977 conference. Primarily on the verses of Grimestone, but within a broader context of plague references in Middle English literature, including Langland, Chaucer, and Lydgate. Argues that critics and historians (such as Ziegler) who describe the mentality of the late Middle Ages as "obsessed" with gruesome and macabre forms of death, or wracked by religious doubt because of the plague, cannot be justified with respect to England; such claims might be truer on the Continent but not in England (the flagellants are not to be found in England, for instance, and the literary references are not obsessive or especially macabre [cf., with similar results, Pearsall's later essay, "Signs of Life in Lydgate's 'Danse Macabre'"]). Pp. 148-149: Wenzel describes briefly the Dance of Death at St. Paul's (n. 92 mentions Lydgate's verses), as an imported Continental rather than English tradition, and which remained relatively rare in England (n. 102 also mentions that the "Dance of Death" is primarily an expression of "estates satire" rather than a response to plague). P. 150: Chaucer's Knight, when interrupting the Monk, recommends the avoidance of "heaviness" for reasons of health, which is also the position of Lydgate, expressed in the opening lines of "Doctrine for Pestilence" (lines 1-3 are quoted), and this may have been the more usual "English" approach to the plague, along with a strong (but very traditional: no crisis and spiritual doubt involved) moralism, as in the "Pardoner's Tale": death and pestilence should cause one to think of the need for penitence and virtue (151-152).]

Wenzel, Siegfried. "The Pilgrimage of Life as a Late Medieval Genre." Mediaeval Studies 35 (1973): 370-388.

Whitman, Jon. Allegory: The Dynamics of an Ancient and Medieval Technique. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1987.

Woolf, Rosemary. The English Religious Lyric in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968.

Wright, Thomas, ed. Political Poems and Songs Relating to English History, Composed during the Period from the Accession of Edward III to that of Richard III. 2 vols. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores ("Rolls Series") 13. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, for HMSO, 1859 and 1861.

F.ii. Literary Background: Medieval Literary Theory

Allen, Judson Boyce. "Herman the German's Averroistic Aristotle and Medieval Poetic Theory." Mosaic 9.3 (1975-1976): 67-82.

Atkins, J. W. H. English Literary Criticism: Medieval. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1943.

Augustine (Saint). On Christian Doctrine. Trans. D. W. Robertson, Jr. The Library of Liberal Arts. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1958.

Boitani, Piero, and Anna Torti, eds. Poetics: Theory and Practice in Medieval English Literature: J. A. W. Bennett Memorial Lectures, Seventh Series, Perugia, Italy, 1990. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1991. [A series of essays on various "issues relating to medieval poetic theory and practice," with particular emphasis on Geoffrey Chaucer, "discussing such aspects as his appropriation of the reader's role to the symbolism of his landscape."]

Collins, Patrick J. "Typology, Criticism and Medieval Drama: Some Observations on Method." Comparative Drama 10 (1976): 298-313.

Copeland, Rita. Rhetoric, Hermeneutics and Translation in the Middle Ages: Academic Traditions and Vernacular Texts. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 11. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Dante Alighieri. "The Four Levels of Interpretation [from The Banquet (Il Convivio)]." In Literary Criticism of Dante Alighieri. Trans. Robert S. Haller. Regents Critics Series. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1973. Pp. 112-114.

Dante Alighieri. "The Letter to Can Grande." In Literary Criticism of Dante Alighieri. Trans. Robert S. Haller. Regents Critics Series. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1973. Pp. 95-111.

De Lubac, Henri. Medieval Exegesis. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1998. ["Examining the prominent commentators of the Middle Ages and their writings, de Lubac discusses the medieval approach to biblical interpretation and especially the practice of attempting to uncover the allegorical meanings of scripture" (Publisher's blurb).

Eco, Umberto, and Costantino Marmo, eds. On the Medieval Theory of Signs. Trans. Shona Kelly. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1989.

Eden, Kathy. Hermeneutics and the Rhetorical Tradition: Chapters in the Ancient Legacy and its Humanist Reception. Yale Studies in Hermeneutics. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.

Gallacher, Patrick J., and Helen Damico, eds. Hermeneutics and Medieval Culture. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.

Griffiths, Paul J. Religious Reading: The Place of Reading in the Practice of Religion. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Hugo of St. Victor. Didascalicon. Ed. Charles Henry Buttimer. The Catholic University of America Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Latin 10. Washington, DC: The Catholic University Press, 1939.

McGerr, Rosemarie P. "Medieval Concepts of Literary Closure: Theory and Practice." Exemplaria 1 (1989): 149-179.

Miner, Earl. Literary Uses of Typology from the Late Middle Ages to the Present. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977.

Minnis, A. J., and A. B. Scott, eds., with David Wallace. Medieval Literary Theory and Criticism c.1100-c.1375: The Commentary Tradition. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988. ["The majority of the texts are here translated for the first time; most of the translations have been prepared specially for this edition. The selections are fully annotated and provided with introductions which form a linked series of essays towards the history of medieval literary theory and criticism."]

Paxson, James J. "A Theory of Biblical Typology in the Middle Ages." Exemplaria 3 (1991): 359-383.

Tout, Thomas Frederick. "Literature and Learning in the English Civil Service in the Fourteenth Century." Speculum 4 (1929): 365-389.

Vance, Eugene. Mervelous Signals: Poetics and Sign Theory in the Middle Ages. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989.

F.iii. Literary Background: The Court of Sapience

The Court of Sapience. Ed. E. Ruth Harvey. Toronto Medieval Texts and Translations 2. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984.

F.iv. Literary Background: The Assembly of Ladies and The Flower and the Leaf

Evans, Ruth, and Lesley Johnson. "The Assembly of Ladies: A Maze of Feminist Sign-Reading?" In Feminist Criticism: Theory and Practice. Ed. Susan Sellers, Linda Hutcheon, and Paul Perron. Theory-Culture 8. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf; Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991.

Lyons, Thomas R. and Michael J. Preston. A Complete Concordance to Two "Chaucerian" Poems: "The Floure and the Leafe" and "The Assembly of Ladies." Ann Arbor: University Microfilms, 1974.

Pearsall, Derek, ed. The Floure and the Leafe, The Assembly of Ladies, The Isle of Ladies. Middle English Texts. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, for TEAMS, 1990.

F.v. Literary Background: Charles d'Orléans and his English Friend

Charles d'Orléans. Fortunes stabilnes: Charles of Orleans's English Book of Love: A Critical Edition. Ed. Mary-Jo Arn. Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 138. Binghamton, NY: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, 1994. [A critical edition, with substantial introduction and full apparatus, of the English poems in London, British Library, MS Harley 682. Arn, in agreement with Robert Steele, Julia Boffey, and others, rejects the idea that these are translations by William de la Pole (the Duke of Suffolk) or anyone else, but considers these to be English versions of French chansons (and new compositions in English) by Charles himself.]

Charles d'Orléans. The French Chansons of Charles D'Orleans, with the Corresponding Middle English Chansons. Ed. and trans. Sarah Spence. Garland Library of Medieval Literature 46 Series A. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1986.

MacCracken, Henry Noble. "An English Friend of Charles of Orléans." PMLA 26 (1911): 142-180. [Prints a collection of poems, in English, composed under the influence of Charles d'Orleans, and argues that they were written by the Duke of Suffolk. This identification of the English Friend is disputed by Robert Steele, Julia Boffey, and Mary-Jo Arn, among others.]

McLeod, Enid. Charles of Orléans, Prince and Poet. New York: Viking, 1970.

F.vi. Literary Background: Stephen Hawes (The Pastime of Pleasure)

Hawes, Stephen. The Pastime of Pleasure. Ed. William E. Mead. Early English Text Society OS 173. London: Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1928.

Pearcy, Roy J. "Restructured Late-Medieval Schemata in Stephen Hawes's The Comforte of Louers (1510-11)." Fifteenth Century Studies 19 (1992): 177-190.

Wells, Whitney. "Stephen Hawes and The Court of Sapience." Review of English Studies 6 (1930): 284-294.

F.vii. Literary Background: Pageantry

Holme, Bryan. Medieval Pageant. London: Thames and Hudson, 1987.

Withington, Robert. English Pageantry: An Historical Outline. 2 vols. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, and London: Oxford University Press, 1918-1920.

G. John Lydgate: Editions

Chadwyck-Healey. "English Verse Drama: A Full Text Database." CD-ROM (2 disks, with printed Bibliography and User's Manual). Cambridge: Chadwyck-Healey, 1995. [Rutherford: on one of the CD-ROM workstations in the Reference Room. Includes electronic versions of most of Lydgate's mummings.]

Lydgate, John. A Critical Edition of John Lydgate's Life of Our Lady. Ed. Joseph A. Lauritis, Ralph A Klinefelter, and Vernon F. Gallagher. Duquesne Studies, Philological Series 2. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University, 1961.

Lydgate, John. The Dance of Death, Edited from MSS. Ellesmere 26/A.13 and B.M. Lansdowne 699, Collated with the Other Extant MSS. Ed. Florence Warren; Intro. and Notes by Beatrice White. Early English Text Society OS 181. London: Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1931.

Lydgate, John. The Life of Saint Alban and Saint Amphibal. Ed. J. E. van der Westhuizen. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1974.

Lydgate, John. Lydgate's Fall of Princes. Ed. Henry Bergen. Early English Text Society ES 121, 122, 123, and 124. 4 vols. London: Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1924-1927.

Lydgate, John. Lydgate's Minor Poems: The Two Nightingale Poems (A.D. 1446), Edited from the MSS. with Introduction, Notes, and Glossary. Ed. Otto Glauning. Early English Text Society ES 80. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co., for the Early English Text Society, 1900.

Lydgate, John. Lydgate's Reson and Sensuallyte: Edited from the Fairfax MS. 16 (Bodleian) and the Additional MS. 29,729 (Brit. Mus.). Ed. Ernst Sieper. 2 vols. Early English Text Society ES 84, 89. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co., for the Early English Text Society, 1901-1903.

Lydgate, John. Lydgate's Siege of Thebes: Edited from All the Known Manuscripts and the Two Oldest Editions. Ed. Axel Erdmann. Vol. 2 ed. Axel Erdmann and Eilert Ekwall. 2 vols. Early English Text Society ES 108 and 125. Vol. 1: London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co., and Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1911. Vol. 2: London: Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1930 (for 1920).

Lydgate, John. Lydgate's Temple of Glas. Ed. J[osef] Schick. Early English Text Society ES 60. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, and Co., for the Early English Text Society, 1891.

Lydgate, John. Lydgate's Troy Book, A. D. 1412-20. Ed. Henry Bergen. Early English Text Society ES 97, 103, 106, and 126. 4 vols. Vol. 1: London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, and Co., 1906. Vol. 2: London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, and Co., and Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1908. Vol. 3: London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, and Co., for the Early English Text Society, 1910. Vol. 4: London: Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1935.

Lydgate, John. The Minor Poems of John Lydgate, Edited from all Available MSS., with an Attempt to Establish the Lydgate Canon. Ed. Henry Noble MacCracken. 2 vols. Early English Text Society ES 107, OS 192. London: Oxford University Press, for the Early English Text Society, 1911 (for 1910), 1934 (for 1933).

Lydgate, John. The Pilgrimage of the Life of Man Englisht by John Lydgate, A. D. 1426, from the French of Guillaume de Deguileville, A. D. 1330, 1335. Ed. Frederick James Furnivall with Intro., notes, glossary, and indices by Katharine B. Locock. Early English Text Society ES 77, 83, 92. 3 vols. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co., for the Early English Text Society, 1899-1904.

Lydgate, John. Poems. Ed. John Norton-Smith. Clarendon Medieval and Tudor Series. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.

Lydgate, John. "Prologue to The Siege of Thebes." In The Canterbury Tales: Fifteenth-Century Continuations and Additions; John Lydgate's Prologue to the Siege of Thebes (BL Arundel 119); The Ploughman's Tale (Christ Church Oxford MS 152); The Cook's Tale (Bodley MS 686); Spurious Links (BL Lansdowne 851 and BL Royal 18.C.ii); The Canterbury Interlude and Merchant's Tale of Beryn (Northumberland MS 455). Ed. John M. Bowers. Middle English Texts. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, for TEAMS, 1992. Pp. 11-22.

Lydgate, John. A Selection from the Minor Poems of Dan John Lydgate. Ed. James Orchard Halliwell[-Phillipps]. Percy Society, Early English Poetry, Ballads, and Popular Literature of the Middle Ages 2. London: C. Richards, for the Percy Society, 1840.

Lydgate, John. Selections from Lydgate's Troy Book. Ed. Robert R. Edwards. Middle English Texts. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute, Western Michigan University, for TEAMS, 1997.

Lydgate, John. The Serpent of Division, by John Lydgate, the Monk of Bury, Edited, with Introduction, Notes, and a Glossary by Henry Noble MacCracken, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of English Literature at Yale University, U.S.A., with Three Full-Page Reproductions from Contemporary MS. Illuminations Accompanying the Text. Ed. Henry Noble MacCracken. New Haven: Yale University Press; London: Oxford University Press, 1911.

Lydgate, John. Table Manners for Children: "Stans Puer ad Mensam" by John Lydgate. Salisbury: Perdix Press, 1989.

Lydgate, John, and Benedict Burgh. Lydgate and Burgh's Secrees of Old Philisoffres: A Version of the "Secreta Secretorum," edited from the Sloane MS. 2464, with Introduction, Notes, and Glossary. Ed. Robert Steele. Early English Text Society ES 66. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co., for the Early English Text Society, 1894.

G.ii. John Lydgate: Criticism (Monographs)

Ebin, Lois A. John Lydgate. Twayne's English Authors Series 407. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1985.

Gattinger, E[dmund]. Die Lyrik Lydgates. Wiener Beiträge zur englischen Philologie 4. Vienna and Leipzig: Wilhelm Braumüller, 1896.

Hagen, Susan K[athleen]. Allegorical Remembrance: A Study of "The Pilgrimage of the Life of Man" as a Medieval Treatise on Seeing and Remembering. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1990.

Hingst, Richard. Die Sprache John Lydgates aus seinen Reimen. Diss. Greifswald, 1908.

Pearsall, Derek. John Lydgate. Medieval Authors: Poets of the Later Middle Ages. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul; Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1970.

Renoir, Alain. The Poetry of John Lydgate. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1967.

Schirmer, Walter F[ranz]. John Lydgate: A Study in the Culture of the XVth Century. Trans. Ann E. Keep. London: Methuen, 1961. [Translation of John Lydgate: Ein Kulturbild aus dem 15. Jarhundert. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1952.]

G.iii. John Lydgate: Criticism (Articles and Chapters)

Ambrisco, Alan S., and Paul Strohm. "Succession and Sovereignty in Lydgate's Prologue to The Troy Book." Chaucer Review 30 (1995-1996): 40-57.

Ayers, Robert W. "Medieval History, Moral Purpose, and the Structure of Lydgate's Siege of Thebes." PMLA 73 (1958): 463-474.

Bennett, H[enry] S[tanley]. "The Author and His Public in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries." Essays and Studies 23 (1938): 7-24.

Benson, C[arl] David. "The Ancient World in John Lydgate's Troy Book." American Benedictine Review 24 (1973): 299-312.

Benson, C[arl] David. "Critic and Poet: What Lydgate and Henryson did to Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde." Modern Language Quarterly 53 (1992): 23-40.

Blake, N[orman] F. "John Lydgate and William Caxton." Leeds Studies in English ns 16 (1985): 272-289.

Blake, N[orman] F[rancis]. "Reflections on William Caxton's 'Reynard the Fox.'" In Le Roman de Renard; On the Beast Epic. Ed. Adrian van den Hoven. A special issue of Canadian Journal of Netherlandic Studies / Revue Canadienne d'Etudes Néerlandaises 4.1 (May 1983): pp. 69-76. [On Lydgate's influence.]

Blake, N[orman] F[rancis]. "William Caxton Again in the Light of Recent Scholarship." Dutch Quarterly Review of Anglo-American Letters 12 (1982): 162-182. [On Lydgate's influence.]

Boffey, Julia. "Lydgate's Lyrics and Women Readers." In Women, the Book, and the Worldly. Ed. Lesley Smith and Jane H. M. Taylor. Selected Proceedings of the St. Hilda's Conference 1993, Vol. 2. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer / Boydell and Brewer, 1995. Pp. 139-149.

Boffey, Julia. "Short Texts in Manuscript Anthologies: The Minor Poems of John Lydgate in Two Fifteenth-Century Collections." In The Whole Book: Cultural Perspectives on the Medieval Miscellany. Ed. Stephen G. Nichols and Siegfried Wenzel. Recentiores: Later Latin Texts and Contexts. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996. Pp. 69-82.

Bowers, John M. "The Tale of Beryn and The Siege of Thebes: Alternative Ideas of the Canterbury Tales." Studies in the Age of Chaucer 7 (1985): 23-50.

Bowers, R. H. "Iconography in Lydgate's Dance of Death." Southern Folklore Quarterly 12 (1948): 111-128.

Boyd, Beverly. "The Literary Background of Lydgate's The Legend of Dan Joos." Modern Language Notes 72 (1957): 81-87.

Brown, Carleton. "Lydgate's Verses on Queen Margaret's Entry into London." Modern Language Review 7 (1912): 225-234.

Clogan, Paul M. "Lydgate and the Roman antique." Florilegium 11 (1992): 7-21.

Copeland, Rita. "Lydgate, Hawes, and the Science of Rhetoric in the Late Middle Ages." Modern Language Quarterly 53 (1992): 57-82.

Cornell, Christine. "'Purtreture' and 'Holsom Stories': John Lydgate's Accommodation of Image and Text in Three Religious Lyrics." Florilegium 10 (1988-1991): 167-178.

Crow, Brian. "Lydgate's 1445 Pageant for Margaret of Anjou." English Language Notes 18 (1981): 170-174.

Ebin, Lois [A]. "Lydgate's Views on Poetry." Annuale Mediaevale 18 (1977): 76-105.

Edwards, A. S. G. "The Influence of Lydgate's Fall of Princes c. 1440-1559: A Survey." Mediaeval Studies 39 (1977): 424-439.

Edwards, A. S. G. "John Lydgate and Medieval Antifeminism and Harley 2251." Annuale Mediaevale 13 (1972): 32-44.

Edwards, A. S. G. "Lydgate Scholarship: Progress and Prospects." In Fifteenth-Century Studies: Recent Essays. Ed. Robert F. Yeager. Hamden, CT: Archon, 1984. Pp. 29-47.

Edwards, A. S. G. "Lydgate's Attitudes to Women." English Studies 51 (1970): 436-437.

Edwards, A. S. G. "Lydgate's Use of Chaucer: Structure, Strategy, and Style." Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses 10 (1985): 175-182.

Fallows, David. "Words and Music in Two English Songs of the Mid-15th Century: Charles d'Orléans and John Lydgate." Early Music 2 (1977): 38-44.

Farvolden, Pamela. "'Love Can No Frenship': Erotic Triangles in Chaucer's 'Knight's Tale' and Lydgate's Fabula duorum mercatorum." In Sovereign Lady: Essays on Women in Middle English Literature. Ed. Muriel Whitaker. Garland Medieval Casebooks 11; Garland Reference Library of the Humanities 1876. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1995. Pp. 21-44.

Fichte, Joerg O. "'Quha wait gif all that Chauceir wrait was trew': Auctor and Auctoritas in 15th Century English Literature." Traditionswandel und Traditionsverhalten. Ed. Walter Haug and Burghart Wachinger. Fortuna Vitrea: Arbeiten zur literarischen Tradition zwischen dem 13. und 16. Jahrhundert 5. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1991. Pp. 61-76.

Finlayson, John. "Guido de Columnis' Historia destructionis Troiae, The 'Gest Hystorial' of the Destruction of Troy, and Lydgate's Troy Book: Translation and the Design of History." Anglia 113 (1995): 141-162.

Gathercole, Patricia M. "Lydgate's 'Fall of Princes' and the French Version of Boccaccio's 'De Casibus.'" In Miscellanea di Studi e Ricerche sul Quattrocento francese. Ed. Franco Simone. Università degli studi de Torino. Torino: Giappichelli, 1967. Pp. 165-178.

Gibson, Gail McMurray. "Bury St. Edmunds, Lydgate, and the N-Town Cycle." Speculum 56 (1981): 56-90.

Hammond, Eleanor Prescott. "Dance Macabre." Modern Language Notes 24 (1909): 63.

Hammond, Eleanor Prescott. "The Departing of Chaucer." Modern Philology 1 (1902-1903): 331-336.

Hammond, Eleanor Prescott. "Lydgate and the Duchess of Gloucester." Anglia 27 (1904): 381-398.

Hammond, Eleanor Prescott. "Lydgate's Mumming at Hertford." Anglia 22 (1899): 364-374.

Hammond, Eleanor Prescott. "A Reproof to Lydgate." Modern Language Notes 26 (1911): 74-76.

Hammond, Eleanor Prescott. "Two Tapestry Poems by Lydgate: The Life of St. George and the Falls of Seven Princes." Englische Studien 43 (1910): 10-26.

Hardman, Phillipa. "Lydgate's Life of Our Lady: A Text in Transition." Medium Ævum 65 (1996): 248-268.

Hardwick, C[harles], ed. "Lament of Eleanor Cobham, Duchess of Gloucester, When Convicted of Sorcery." Communications made to the Cambridge Antiquarian Society, Octavo Series 6 (1856), published as part of Antiquarian Communications 1 (1859): 177-190.

Hascall, Dudley L. "The Prosody of John Lydgate." Language and Style 3 (1970): 122-146.

Kipling, Gordon. "The London Pageants for Margaret of Anjou: A Medieval Script Restored." Medieval English Theatre 4 (1982): 5-27.

Kohl, Stephan. "Chaucer's Pilgrims in Fifteenth-Century Literature." Fifteenth Century Studies 7 (1983): 221-236.

Kohl, Stephan. "The Kingis Quair and Lydgate's Siege of Thebes as Imitations of Chaucer's Knight's Tale." Fifteenth Century Studies 2 (1979): 119-134.

Machan, Tim William. "Textual Authority and the Works of Hoccleve, Lydgate, and Henryson." Viator 23 (1992): 281-299.

Miller, James Ivan, Jr. "Lydgate the Hagiographer as Literary Artist." In The Learned and the Lewed: Studies in Chaucer and Medieval Literature. Ed. Larry D. Benson. Harvard English Studies 5. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974. Pp. 279-290.

Nichols, Pierrepont H. "Lydgate's Influence on the Aureate Terms of the Scottish Chaucerians." PMLA 47 (1932): 516-522.

Norton-Smith, John. "Lydgate's Changes in the Temple of Glas." Medium Ævum 27 (1958): 166-172.

Parry, P. H. "On the Continuity of English Civic Pageantry: A Study of John Lydgate and the Tudor Pageant." Forum for Modern Language Studies 15 (1979): 222-236.

Patterson, Lee. "Making Identities in Fifteenth-Century England: Henry V and John Lydgate." In New Historical Literary Study: Essays on Reproducing Texts, Representing History. Ed. Jeffrey N. Cox and Larry J. Reynolds. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993. Pp. 69-107.

Pearsall, Derek. "Chaucer and Lydgate." In Chaucer Traditions: Studies in Honour of Derek Brewer. Ed. Ruth Morse and Barry Windeatt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Pp. 39-53.

Pearsall, Derek. "Lydgate as Innovator." Modern Language Quarterly 53 (1992): 5-22.

Pearsall, Derek. "Signs of Life in Lydgate's 'Danse Macabre.'" In Zeit, Tod und Ewigkeit in der renaissance Literatur III. Ed. James Hogg. Analecta Cartusiana 117. Salzburg: Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik, 1987. Pp. 58-71.

Reimer, Stephen R. "Differentiating Chaucer and Lydgate: Some Preliminary Observations." In Computer-Based Chaucer Studies. Ed. Ian Lancashire. CCH Working Papers 3. Toronto: Centre for Computing in the Humanities, University of Toronto, 1993. Pp. 161-176 (abstract: 203-204).

Reimer, Stephen R. "A Fragment of John Lydgate's Life of Our Lady in Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge." English Language Notes 33.2 (Dec. 1995): 1-15.

Renoir, Alain. "Attitudes Toward Women in Lydgate's Poetry." English Studies 42 (1961): 1-14.

Rowe, B. J. H. "King Henry VI's Claim to France in Picture and Poem." The Library, 4th ser. 13 (1932-1933): 77-88.

Simpson, James. "'Dysemol daies and Fatal houres': Lydgate's Destruction of Thebes and Chaucer's Knight's Tale." In The Long Fifteenth Century: Essays for Douglas Gray. Ed. Helen Cooper and Sally Mapstone. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp. 15-32.

Spearing, A[nthony] C. "Lydgate's Canterbury Tale: The Siege of Thebes and Fifteenth-Century Chaucerianism." In Fifteenth-Century Studies: Recent Essays. Ed. Robert F. Yeager. Hamden, CT: Archon, 1984. Pp. 333-364.

Tiner, Elza, Shirley Carnahan, and Anne Fjestad Peterson. "'Euer aftir to be rad & song': Lydgate's Texts in Performance [Parts I and II]." Early Drama, Art and Music Review 19.1 (Fall 1996): 41-52; 19.2 (Spring 1997): 85-92.

Torti, Anna. "John Lydgate's Temple of Glas: 'Atwixen Two So Hang I in Balaunce.'" In Intellectuals and Writers in Fourteenth-Century Europe. Ed. Piero Boitani and Anna Torti. Tübinger Beiträge zur Anglistik 7. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1986. Pp. 226-243.

Trapp, J. B. "Verses by Lydgate at Long Melford." Review of English Studies ns 6 (1955): 1-11.

Tripp, Raymond P., Jr. "The Loss of Suddenness in Lydgate's A Complaynt of a Loveres Lyfe." Fifteenth-Century Studies 6 (1983): 253-269.

Watson, Nicholas. "Outdoing Chaucer: Lydgate's Troy Book and Henryson's Testament of Cresseid as Competitive Imitations of Troilus and Criseyde." In Shifts and Transpositions in Medieval Narrative: A Festschrift for Dr Elspeth Kennedy. Ed. Karen Pratt. Woodbridge, Suffolk, and Rochester, NY: D. S. Brewer / Boydell and Brewer, 1994. Pp. 89-108.

Wilson, Janet. "Poet and Patron in Early Fifteenth-Century England: John Lydgate's Temple of Glas." Parergon 11 (1975): 25-32.

Winstead, Karen A. "Lydgate's Lives of Saints Edmund and Alban: Martyrdom and Prudent Policie." Mediaevalia 17 (1994 [for 1991]): 221-241.

Withington, Robert. "Queen Margaret's Entry into London, 1445." Modern Philology 13 (1915-1916): 53-57.

Back to The Canon of John Lydgate Project

Stephen R. Reimer
English; University of Alberta; Edmonton, Canada
Created: 10 Sept. 1997; Last revised: 15 Nov. 2005

email: Stephen.Reimer@UAlberta.Ca
URL: http://www.ualberta.ca/~sreimer/engl615/615l-bib.htm